
Senator · NC · R
Current term Jan 3, 2021 – Jan 3, 2027 · In the Senate since Jan 6, 2015
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Portrait: U.S. Government Publishing Office, via unitedstates/images (public domain)
Lobbying reports (LD-2) whose issue descriptions explicitly cite a bill this member sponsored, cosponsored, or cast a recorded vote on. This documents an overlap in subject only. LD-2 reports generally do not name the members contacted, and a citation does not show contact with this member, influence, or the client's position on the bill. No matching record means none was found within coverage, not that no lobbying occurred.
Loading lobbying reportsCoverage: LD-2 reports for 2025 onward, posted Jan 1, 2025 through Oct 27, 2026. Only the current version of each report is used.
43,587 report citations, newest first.
HCBS ADVOCACY, LLC · lobbying firm or registrant: AVOQ, LLC
2026 Q3 report (Jul 1, 2026 – Sep 30, 2026) · posted Oct 20, 2026 · issue area: Housing
$80,000
Paid to lobbying firm
CitesS. 1515· this member:Cosponsored
General housing issues, including issues related to the military housing supply and tax credits; H.R. 2725/S. 1515, Affordable Housing Credit Improvement Act of 2025; H.R. 8626, Workforce Housing Tax Credit Act; Issues related to government office space and buildings
Congress inferred from the report year; bill number and the title cited with it match Congress.gov records, and the bill predates the report. The amount is lobbying spending for every issue on this report, not this bill alone, and none of it is paid to any member of Congress. View filing
PUDGY PENGUINS, INC. · lobbying firm or registrant: INVARIANT LLC
2026 Q3 report (Jul 1, 2026 – Sep 30, 2026) · posted Oct 20, 2026 · issue area: Financial Institutions/Investments/Securities
$80,000
Paid to lobbying firm
CitesH.R. 3633· this member:Recorded vote on 1 roll call
Educate Members of Congress on cryptocurrency issues and legislation, including P.L. 119-27, the GENIUS Act; H.R. 2392, the STABLE Act of 2025; and H.R. 3633, the CLARITY Act of 2025. Monitor cryptocurrency proposals.
Congress inferred from the report year; bill number and the title cited with it match Congress.gov records, and the bill predates the report. The amount is lobbying spending for every issue on this report, not this bill alone, and none of it is paid to any member of Congress. View filing
OIC, L.P. · lobbying firm or registrant: HILL EAST GROUP, LLC
2026 Q3 report (Jul 1, 2026 – Sep 30, 2026) · posted Oct 20, 2026 · issue area: Budget/Appropriations
$60,000
Paid to lobbying firm
CitesH.R. 1· this member:Recorded votes on 44 roll calls
…; tariffs on personal protective equipment. CMS reimbursement for domestic PPE, issues related to metallurgical coal supply chain resilience: implementation of H.R. 1, One Big Beautiful Bill Act; H.R. 9260, Fiscal Year 2027 Labor, Health and Human Services, Education, and Related Agencies Appropriations Act; H.R. 8469, Milit…
Congress inferred from the report year; bill number and the title cited with it match Congress.gov records, and the bill predates the report. The amount is lobbying spending for every issue on this report, not this bill alone, and none of it is paid to any member of Congress. View filing
XAPO BANK LIMITED · lobbying firm or registrant: INVARIANT LLC
2026 Q3 report (Jul 1, 2026 – Sep 30, 2026) · posted Oct 20, 2026 · issue area: Banking
$80,000
Paid to lobbying firm
CitesH.R. 3633· this member:Recorded vote on 1 roll call
Educate policymakers on Xapo's business model. Educate Members of Congress on stablecoin and cryptocurrency issues and legislation, including H.R. 3633, the CLARITY Act of 2025; H.R. 2392, the STABLE Act of 2025; S.954, the BITCOIN Act; and P.L. 119-27, the GENIUS Act of 2025. Monitor cryptocurrency proposals.
Congress inferred from the report year; bill number and the title cited with it match Congress.gov records, and the bill predates the report. The amount is lobbying spending for every issue on this report, not this bill alone, and none of it is paid to any member of Congress. View filing
XAPO BANK LIMITED · lobbying firm or registrant: INVARIANT LLC
2026 Q3 report (Jul 1, 2026 – Sep 30, 2026) · posted Oct 20, 2026 · issue area: Financial Institutions/Investments/Securities
$80,000
Paid to lobbying firm
CitesH.R. 3633· this member:Recorded vote on 1 roll call
…cate Members of Congress on stablecoin and cryptocurrency issues and legislation, including P.L. 119-27, the GENIUS Act; H.R. 2392, the STABLE Act of 2025; and H.R. 3633, the CLARITY Act of 2025. Monitor cryptocurrency proposals.
Congress inferred from the report year; bill number and the title cited with it match Congress.gov records, and the bill predates the report. The amount is lobbying spending for every issue on this report, not this bill alone, and none of it is paid to any member of Congress. View filing
ROCKET LP (F/K/A RKT HOLDINGS) · lobbying firm or registrant: GHAZAL & ASSOCIATES, LLC
2026 Q3 report (Jul 1, 2026 – Sep 30, 2026) · posted Oct 20, 2026 · issue area: Housing
$50,000
Paid to lobbying firm
CitesH.R. 6644· this member:Recorded votes on 9 roll calls
Legislation regarding housing market, CFPB and mortgage regulations, and general debate regarding GSE reform; S.2651, ROAD to Housing Act of 2025; H.R.6644, Housing for the 21st Century Act; S.4744, Take Care of America's Veterans Act, and Veterans Affairs Servicing Purchase Program.
Congress inferred from the report year; bill number and the title cited with it match Congress.gov records, and the bill predates the report. The amount is lobbying spending for every issue on this report, not this bill alone, and none of it is paid to any member of Congress. View filing
ROCKET LP (F/K/A RKT HOLDINGS) · lobbying firm or registrant: GHAZAL & ASSOCIATES, LLC
2026 Q3 report (Jul 1, 2026 – Sep 30, 2026) · posted Oct 20, 2026 · issue area: Housing
$50,000
Paid to lobbying firm
CitesS. 4744· this member:Cosponsored
…arket, CFPB and mortgage regulations, and general debate regarding GSE reform; S.2651, ROAD to Housing Act of 2025; H.R.6644, Housing for the 21st Century Act; S.4744, Take Care of America's Veterans Act, and Veterans Affairs Servicing Purchase Program.
Congress inferred from the report year; bill number and the title cited with it match Congress.gov records, and the bill predates the report. The amount is lobbying spending for every issue on this report, not this bill alone, and none of it is paid to any member of Congress. View filing
PARAMOUNT SKYDANCE CORPORATION · lobbying firm or registrant: PARAMOUNT SKYDANCE CORPORATION
2026 Q2 report (Apr 1, 2026 – Jun 30, 2026) · amended · posted Oct 20, 2026 · issue area: Telecommunications
$1,860,000
Spent on own lobbying
CitesS. 1367· this member:Cosponsored
…nternet Governance; Privacy and Data Collection; Antitrust; Artificial Intelligence, Including AI Chatbots; Protect Elections from Deceptive AI Act; H.R.2794 / S.1367, NO FAKES Act.
Congress inferred from the report year; bill number and the title cited with it match Congress.gov records, and the bill predates the report. The amount is lobbying spending for every issue on this report, not this bill alone, and none of it is paid to any member of Congress. View filing
PARAMOUNT SKYDANCE CORPORATION · lobbying firm or registrant: PARAMOUNT SKYDANCE CORPORATION
2026 Q2 report (Apr 1, 2026 – Jun 30, 2026) · amended · posted Oct 20, 2026 · issue area: Communications/Broadcasting/Radio/TV
$1,860,000
Spent on own lobbying
CitesS. 1748· this member:Cosponsored
Regulation of Internet Video; Issues related to children and teen online safety in Kids Online Safety Act (S.1748), and Children and Teens Online Privacy Protection Act (S.836); Issues related to broadcast license transfers and other media issues; Issues related to anti-tr…
Congress inferred from the report year; bill number and the title cited with it match Congress.gov records, and the bill predates the report. The amount is lobbying spending for every issue on this report, not this bill alone, and none of it is paid to any member of Congress. View filing
PARAMOUNT SKYDANCE CORPORATION · lobbying firm or registrant: PARAMOUNT SKYDANCE CORPORATION
2026 Q2 report (Apr 1, 2026 – Jun 30, 2026) · amended · posted Oct 20, 2026 · issue area: Sports/Athletics
$1,860,000
Spent on own lobbying
CitesS. 4668· this member:Recorded votes on 11 roll calls
H.R.4312, SCORE Act; S.2932, Student Athlete Fairness and Enforcement Act; S. 4668 - Protect College Sports Act.
Congress inferred from the report year; bill number and the title cited with it match Congress.gov records, and the bill predates the report. The amount is lobbying spending for every issue on this report, not this bill alone, and none of it is paid to any member of Congress. View filing
AMERICAN BAR ASSOCIATION · lobbying firm or registrant: AMERICAN BAR ASSOCIATION
2026 Q3 report (Jul 1, 2026 – Sep 30, 2026) · posted Oct 20, 2026 · issue area: Government Issues
$210,000
Spent on own lobbying
CitesS. 1206· this member:Cosponsored
S. 2379, H.R. 4602 - the Countering Threats and Attacks on Our Judges Act. H.R. 1181, the Judicial Ethics Enforcement Act (Inspector General for Judiciary). S. 1206, the Judicial Relief Clarification Act (To prevent issuance of national injunctions). Issues relating to authorizing new judgeships and filling existing judici…
Congress inferred from the report year; bill number and the title cited with it match Congress.gov records, and the bill predates the report. The amount is lobbying spending for every issue on this report, not this bill alone, and none of it is paid to any member of Congress. View filing
ACA INTERNATIONAL · lobbying firm or registrant: ACA INTERNATIONAL
2026 Q3 report (Jul 1, 2026 – Sep 30, 2026) · posted Oct 20, 2026 · issue area: Financial Institutions/Investments/Securities
$190,000
Spent on own lobbying
CitesS. 401· this member:Cosponsored
H.R.987 Fair Access to Banking Act S.401 Fair Access to Banking Act H.R.270 FIRM Act Issues related to debanking
Congress inferred from the report year; bill number and the title cited with it match Congress.gov records, and the bill predates the report. The amount is lobbying spending for every issue on this report, not this bill alone, and none of it is paid to any member of Congress. View filing
ACA INTERNATIONAL · lobbying firm or registrant: ACA INTERNATIONAL
2026 Q3 report (Jul 1, 2026 – Sep 30, 2026) · posted Oct 20, 2026 · issue area: Budget/Appropriations
$190,000
Spent on own lobbying
CitesH.R. 1· this member:Recorded votes on 44 roll calls
CFPB Reform H.R. 1 Big Beautiful Bill Act
Congress inferred from the report year; bill number and the title cited with it match Congress.gov records, and the bill predates the report. The amount is lobbying spending for every issue on this report, not this bill alone, and none of it is paid to any member of Congress. View filing
PARAMOUNT SKYDANCE CORPORATION · lobbying firm or registrant: PARAMOUNT SKYDANCE CORPORATION
2026 Q3 report (Jul 1, 2026 – Sep 30, 2026) · posted Oct 20, 2026 · issue area: Communications/Broadcasting/Radio/TV
$1,970,000
Spent on own lobbying
CitesS. 1748· this member:Cosponsored
Regulation of Internet Video; Issues related to children and teen online safety in Kids Online Safety Act (S.1748), and Children and Teens Online Privacy Protection Act (S.836); Issues related to broadcast license transfers and other media issues; Issues related to anti-tr…
Congress inferred from the report year; bill number and the title cited with it match Congress.gov records, and the bill predates the report. The amount is lobbying spending for every issue on this report, not this bill alone, and none of it is paid to any member of Congress. View filing
PARAMOUNT SKYDANCE CORPORATION · lobbying firm or registrant: PARAMOUNT SKYDANCE CORPORATION
2026 Q3 report (Jul 1, 2026 – Sep 30, 2026) · posted Oct 20, 2026 · issue area: Telecommunications
$1,970,000
Spent on own lobbying
CitesS. 1367· this member:Cosponsored
…nternet Governance; Privacy and Data Collection; Antitrust; Artificial Intelligence, Including AI Chatbots; Protect Elections from Deceptive AI Act; H.R.2794 / S.1367, NO FAKES Act.
Congress inferred from the report year; bill number and the title cited with it match Congress.gov records, and the bill predates the report. The amount is lobbying spending for every issue on this report, not this bill alone, and none of it is paid to any member of Congress. View filing
PARAMOUNT SKYDANCE CORPORATION · lobbying firm or registrant: PARAMOUNT SKYDANCE CORPORATION
2026 Q3 report (Jul 1, 2026 – Sep 30, 2026) · posted Oct 20, 2026 · issue area: Sports/Athletics
$1,970,000
Spent on own lobbying
CitesS. 4668· this member:Recorded votes on 11 roll calls
H.R.4312, SCORE Act; S.2932, Student Athlete Fairness and Enforcement Act; S. 4668, Protect College Sports Act.
Congress inferred from the report year; bill number and the title cited with it match Congress.gov records, and the bill predates the report. The amount is lobbying spending for every issue on this report, not this bill alone, and none of it is paid to any member of Congress. View filing
AECOM · lobbying firm or registrant: AECOM
2026 Q3 report (Jul 1, 2026 – Sep 30, 2026) · posted Oct 20, 2026 · issue area: Natural Resources
$420,000
Spent on own lobbying
CitesS. 1547· this member:Cosponsored
Reauthorization of the Great American Outdoors Act, The America the Beautiful Act (S.1547).
Congress inferred from the report year; bill number and the title cited with it match Congress.gov records, and the bill predates the report. The amount is lobbying spending for every issue on this report, not this bill alone, and none of it is paid to any member of Congress. View filing
PACIFIC LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY · lobbying firm or registrant: PACIFIC LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY
2026 Q3 report (Jul 1, 2026 – Sep 30, 2026) · posted Oct 20, 2026 · issue area: Financial Institutions/Investments/Securities
$380,000
Spent on own lobbying
CitesH.R. 6644· this member:Recorded votes on 9 roll calls
…sure for Investors Act of 2025 -- modernize investor disclosure requirements by allowing broader use of electronic delivery and streamlined disclosure methods. HR 6644 -- 21st Century ROAD to Housing Act -- expand and modernize housing finance programs to improve access to affordable housing and homeownership opportunities. D…
Congress inferred from the report year; bill number and the title cited with it match Congress.gov records, and the bill predates the report. The amount is lobbying spending for every issue on this report, not this bill alone, and none of it is paid to any member of Congress. View filing
RAMP BUSINESS CORPORATION · lobbying firm or registrant: INVARIANT LLC
2026 Q3 report (Jul 1, 2026 – Sep 30, 2026) · posted Oct 20, 2026 · issue area: Financial Institutions/Investments/Securities
$90,000
Paid to lobbying firm
CitesH.R. 3633· this member:Recorded vote on 1 roll call
…ed to cryptocurrency, crypto legislation, and market structure proposals, including P.L. 119-27, the GENIUS Act of 2025; H.R. 2392, the STABLE Act of 2025; and H.R. 3633, the CLARITY Act of 2025.
Congress inferred from the report year; bill number and the title cited with it match Congress.gov records, and the bill predates the report. The amount is lobbying spending for every issue on this report, not this bill alone, and none of it is paid to any member of Congress. View filing
MOTION PICTURE ASSOCIATION INC · lobbying firm or registrant: MOTION PICTURE ASSOCIATION, INC.
2026 Q3 report (Jul 1, 2026 – Sep 30, 2026) · posted Oct 20, 2026 · issue area: Taxation/Internal Revenue Code
$610,000
Spent on own lobbying
CitesS. 1121· this member:Cosponsored
…Tax Provisions Sec. 181, Federal Film and Television Incentive Federal production incentive H.R. 1, One Big Beautiful Bill H.R.4840/S.2530, CREATE Act H.R.721/S.1121, Performing Artist Tax Parity Act H.R. 10582/S. 5552, Motion Picture Television and Entertainment Revitalization Act
Congress inferred from the report year; bill number and the title cited with it match Congress.gov records, and the bill predates the report. The amount is lobbying spending for every issue on this report, not this bill alone, and none of it is paid to any member of Congress. View filing
MOTION PICTURE ASSOCIATION INC · lobbying firm or registrant: MOTION PICTURE ASSOCIATION, INC.
2026 Q3 report (Jul 1, 2026 – Sep 30, 2026) · posted Oct 20, 2026 · issue area: Torts
$610,000
Spent on own lobbying
CitesS. 4591· this member:Cosponsored
Right of Publicity Deepfakes-related policy NIL and digital replica policy S. 4591, NO FAKES Act of 2026
Congress inferred from the report year; bill number and the title cited with it match Congress.gov records, and the bill predates the report. The amount is lobbying spending for every issue on this report, not this bill alone, and none of it is paid to any member of Congress. View filing
MOTION PICTURE ASSOCIATION INC · lobbying firm or registrant: MOTION PICTURE ASSOCIATION, INC.
2026 Q3 report (Jul 1, 2026 – Sep 30, 2026) · posted Oct 20, 2026 · issue area: Communications/Broadcasting/Radio/TV
$610,000
Spent on own lobbying
CitesS. 5529· this member:Sponsored
…of 2026 H.R. 10582/S. 5552, Motion Picture Television and Entertainment Revitalization Act H.R. 10204, Legislative Branch Agencies Clarification Act H.R. 10575/S. 5529, DEFEND IP Act of 2026
Congress inferred from the report year; bill number and the title cited with it match Congress.gov records, and the bill predates the report. The amount is lobbying spending for every issue on this report, not this bill alone, and none of it is paid to any member of Congress. View filing
MOTION PICTURE ASSOCIATION INC · lobbying firm or registrant: MOTION PICTURE ASSOCIATION, INC.
2026 Q3 report (Jul 1, 2026 – Sep 30, 2026) · posted Oct 20, 2026 · issue area: Computer Industry
$610,000
Spent on own lobbying
CitesS. 5529· this member:Sponsored
…of 2026 H.R. 10582/S. 5552, Motion Picture Television and Entertainment Revitalization Act H.R. 10204, Legislative Branch Agencies Clarification Act H.R. 10575/S. 5529, DEFEND IP Act of 2026 S. 4349, Parents Over Platforms Act
Congress inferred from the report year; bill number and the title cited with it match Congress.gov records, and the bill predates the report. The amount is lobbying spending for every issue on this report, not this bill alone, and none of it is paid to any member of Congress. View filing
MOTION PICTURE ASSOCIATION INC · lobbying firm or registrant: MOTION PICTURE ASSOCIATION, INC.
2026 Q3 report (Jul 1, 2026 – Sep 30, 2026) · posted Oct 20, 2026 · issue area: Copyright/Patent/Trademark
$610,000
Spent on own lobbying
CitesS. 5529· this member:Sponsored
…treaming devices; Platform Accountability; Felony Streaming; Digital Millennium Copyright Act; Copyright enforcement; Artificial Intelligence; Digital replicas S. 5529/H.R. 10575, DEFEND IP Act H.R. 10364, American Copyright Protection Act of 2026 H.R. 10582/S. 5552, Motion Picture Television and Entertainment Revitalization…
Congress inferred from the report year; bill number and the title cited with it match Congress.gov records, and the bill predates the report. The amount is lobbying spending for every issue on this report, not this bill alone, and none of it is paid to any member of Congress. View filing
MOTION PICTURE ASSOCIATION INC · lobbying firm or registrant: MOTION PICTURE ASSOCIATION, INC.
2026 Q3 report (Jul 1, 2026 – Sep 30, 2026) · posted Oct 20, 2026 · issue area: Defense
$610,000
Spent on own lobbying
CitesS. 4784· this member:Recorded vote on 1 roll call
S. 4784, Senate NDAA House NDAA
Congress inferred from the report year; bill number matches Congress.gov records and the bill predates the report; no title was cited with it. The amount is lobbying spending for every issue on this report, not this bill alone, and none of it is paid to any member of Congress. View filing