
Senator · NC · R
Current term Jan 3, 2021 – Jan 3, 2027 · In the Senate since Jan 6, 2015
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Portrait: U.S. Government Publishing Office, via unitedstates/images (public domain)
Lobbying reports (LD-2) whose issue descriptions explicitly cite a bill this member sponsored, cosponsored, or cast a recorded vote on. This documents an overlap in subject only. LD-2 reports generally do not name the members contacted, and a citation does not show contact with this member, influence, or the client's position on the bill. No matching record means none was found within coverage, not that no lobbying occurred.
Loading lobbying reportsCoverage: LD-2 reports for 2025 onward, posted Jan 1, 2025 through Oct 27, 2026. Only the current version of each report is used.
43,570 report citations, newest first.
SOFTWARE & INFORMATION INDUSTRY ASSOCIATION · lobbying firm or registrant: SIIA
2026 Q3 report (Jul 1, 2026 – Sep 30, 2026) · posted Oct 20, 2026 · issue area: Science/Technology
$1,424,847
Spent on own lobbying
CitesS. 4784· this member:Recorded vote on 1 roll call
…S.5252 - BLADE Act, as well as proposals and frameworks for federal AI legislation. Provisions of the proposed National Defense Authorization Act for FY 2027, S. 4784 and H.R. 8800, relating to export controls, artificial intelligence, cybersecurity, and federal procurement
Congress inferred from the report year; bill number matches Congress.gov records and the bill predates the report; no title was cited with it. The amount is lobbying spending for every issue on this report, not this bill alone, and none of it is paid to any member of Congress. View filing
SOFTWARE & INFORMATION INDUSTRY ASSOCIATION · lobbying firm or registrant: SIIA
2026 Q3 report (Jul 1, 2026 – Sep 30, 2026) · posted Oct 20, 2026 · issue area: Torts
$1,424,847
Spent on own lobbying
CitesS. 1821· this member:Sponsored
Third-party litigation funding, including H.R. 2675 (Protecting Our Courts from Foreign Manipulation Act of 2025), S. 1821/H.R. 3512 (Tackling Predatory Litigation Funding Act), H.R. 1109 (Litigation Transparency Act of 2025), and H.R. 7015 (Protecting Third-Party Litigation Fundin…
Congress inferred from the report year; bill number and the title cited with it match Congress.gov records, and the bill predates the report. The amount is lobbying spending for every issue on this report, not this bill alone, and none of it is paid to any member of Congress. View filing
SOFTWARE & INFORMATION INDUSTRY ASSOCIATION · lobbying firm or registrant: SIIA
2026 Q3 report (Jul 1, 2026 – Sep 30, 2026) · posted Oct 20, 2026 · issue area: Torts
$1,424,847
Spent on own lobbying
CitesS. 3826· this member:Cosponsored
…edatory Litigation Funding Act), H.R. 1109 (Litigation Transparency Act of 2025), and H.R. 7015 (Protecting Third-Party Litigation Funding From Abuse Act); and S.3826 (Litigation Funding Transparency Act of 2026)
Congress inferred from the report year; bill number and the title cited with it match Congress.gov records, and the bill predates the report. The amount is lobbying spending for every issue on this report, not this bill alone, and none of it is paid to any member of Congress. View filing
AEOLUS LABS · lobbying firm or registrant: INVARIANT LLC
2026 Q3 report (Jul 1, 2026 – Sep 30, 2026) · posted Oct 20, 2026 · issue area: Defense
$90,000
Paid to lobbying firm
CitesS. 4784· this member:Recorded vote on 1 roll call
Educate policymakers on weather modeling and mitigation technologies and support inclusion in H.R.8800/S.4784, the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2027.
Congress inferred from the report year; bill number and the title cited with it match Congress.gov records, and the bill predates the report. The amount is lobbying spending for every issue on this report, not this bill alone, and none of it is paid to any member of Congress. View filing
PUGET SOUND ENERGY · lobbying firm or registrant: ROCK CREEK COUNSEL
2026 Q3 report (Jul 1, 2026 – Sep 30, 2026) · posted Oct 20, 2026 · issue area: Taxation/Internal Revenue Code
$30,000
Paid to lobbying firm
CitesS. 3605· this member:Cosponsored
Federal tax issues related to regulated utilities including issues involving tax incentives and the utilization of existing production tax credits. H.R. 7450/S.3605 "Disaster Zone Energy Affordability and Investment Act"
Congress inferred from the report year; bill number and the title cited with it match Congress.gov records, and the bill predates the report. The amount is lobbying spending for every issue on this report, not this bill alone, and none of it is paid to any member of Congress. View filing
ALCOA CORP · lobbying firm or registrant: ALCOA CORP
2026 Q3 report (Jul 1, 2026 – Sep 30, 2026) · posted Oct 20, 2026 · issue area: Taxation/Internal Revenue Code
$990,000
Spent on own lobbying
CitesH.R. 1· this member:Recorded votes on 44 roll calls
Issues related to implementation of Section 45X of the Inflation Reduction Act, and changes to Section 45X in HR 1, One Big Beautiful Bill Act.
Congress inferred from the report year; bill number and the title cited with it match Congress.gov records, and the bill predates the report. The amount is lobbying spending for every issue on this report, not this bill alone, and none of it is paid to any member of Congress. View filing
BRIA ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE INC. · lobbying firm or registrant: RADIUS ADVOCACY, LLC
2026 Q3 report (Jul 1, 2026 – Sep 30, 2026) · posted Oct 20, 2026 · issue area: Telecommunications
$40,000
Paid to lobbying firm
CitesH.R. 1· this member:Recorded votes on 44 roll calls
Public policy issues related to artificial intelligence technology. Implementation of H.R.1 - One Big Beautiful Bill Act. H.R.3921/S.1829 - STOP CSAM Act of 2025. S.278 - Kids Off Social Media Act. H.R.2794 - NO FAKES Act of 2025. S.1748 - Kids Online…
Congress inferred from the report year; bill number and the title cited with it match Congress.gov records, and the bill predates the report. The amount is lobbying spending for every issue on this report, not this bill alone, and none of it is paid to any member of Congress. View filing
BRIA ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE INC. · lobbying firm or registrant: RADIUS ADVOCACY, LLC
2026 Q3 report (Jul 1, 2026 – Sep 30, 2026) · posted Oct 20, 2026 · issue area: Telecommunications
$40,000
Paid to lobbying firm
CitesS. 1748· this member:Cosponsored
…lementation of H.R.1 - One Big Beautiful Bill Act. H.R.3921/S.1829 - STOP CSAM Act of 2025. S.278 - Kids Off Social Media Act. H.R.2794 - NO FAKES Act of 2025. S.1748 - Kids Online Safety Act. S.1396 - Content Origin Protection and Integrity from Edited and Deepfaked Media Act of 2025. S.836 - Children and Teens Online Priva…
Congress inferred from the report year; bill number and the title cited with it match Congress.gov records, and the bill predates the report. The amount is lobbying spending for every issue on this report, not this bill alone, and none of it is paid to any member of Congress. View filing
BRIA ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE INC. · lobbying firm or registrant: RADIUS ADVOCACY, LLC
2026 Q3 report (Jul 1, 2026 – Sep 30, 2026) · posted Oct 20, 2026 · issue area: Telecommunications
$40,000
Paid to lobbying firm
CitesS. 1829· this member:Cosponsored
Public policy issues related to artificial intelligence technology. Implementation of H.R.1 - One Big Beautiful Bill Act. H.R.3921/S.1829 - STOP CSAM Act of 2025. S.278 - Kids Off Social Media Act. H.R.2794 - NO FAKES Act of 2025. S.1748 - Kids Online Safety Act. S.1396 - Content Origin Protectio…
Congress inferred from the report year; bill number and the title cited with it match Congress.gov records, and the bill predates the report. The amount is lobbying spending for every issue on this report, not this bill alone, and none of it is paid to any member of Congress. View filing
HYFIX SPATIAL INTELLIGENCE, INC. · lobbying firm or registrant: INVARIANT LLC
2026 Q3 report (Jul 1, 2026 – Sep 30, 2026) · posted Oct 20, 2026 · issue area: Defense
$60,000
Paid to lobbying firm
CitesS. 4784· this member:Recorded vote on 1 roll call
Educate on advanced chips for autonomous vehicles in H.R.8800/S.4784, the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2027.
Congress inferred from the report year; bill number and the title cited with it match Congress.gov records, and the bill predates the report. The amount is lobbying spending for every issue on this report, not this bill alone, and none of it is paid to any member of Congress. View filing
CAPITOL DOME ADVOCACY OBO AMERICAN SOCIETY OF COMPOSERS, AUTHORS, AND PUBLISHERS · lobbying firm or registrant: RADIUS ADVOCACY, LLC
2026 Q3 report (Jul 1, 2026 – Sep 30, 2026) · posted Oct 20, 2026 · issue area: Copyright/Patent/Trademark
$30,000
Paid to lobbying firm
CitesS. 1367· this member:Cosponsored
…licensing issues. H.R.1927/S.114 - CLEAR Act of 2025. S.2455 - TRAIN Act. S.5552/H.R.10582 - Motion Picture, Television, and Entertainment Revitalization Act. S.1367/H.R.2794 - NO FAKES Act of 2025.
Congress inferred from the report year; bill number and the title cited with it match Congress.gov records, and the bill predates the report. The amount is lobbying spending for every issue on this report, not this bill alone, and none of it is paid to any member of Congress. View filing
MATSON NAVIGATION · lobbying firm or registrant: K&L GATES, LLP
2026 Q3 report (Jul 1, 2026 – Sep 30, 2026) · posted Oct 20, 2026 · issue area: Marine/Maritime/Boating/Fisheries
$110,000
Paid to lobbying firm
CitesS. 4784· this member:Recorded vote on 1 roll call
…ise laws . Issues related to National Maritime Strategy and Maritime Action Plan. Issues related to port equipment. Issues related to ship recycling. H.R. 8800/S. 4784 - National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2027.
Congress inferred from the report year; bill number and the title cited with it match Congress.gov records, and the bill predates the report. The amount is lobbying spending for every issue on this report, not this bill alone, and none of it is paid to any member of Congress. View filing
TOYOTA MOTOR NORTH AMERICA INC (TMA) · lobbying firm or registrant: TOYOTA MOTOR NORTH AMERICA, INC. (TMA)
2026 Q3 report (Jul 1, 2026 – Sep 30, 2026) · posted Oct 20, 2026 · issue area: Energy/Nuclear
$1,711,820
Spent on own lobbying
CitesH.R. 9340· this member:Recorded vote on 1 roll call
…nvironmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act (CERCLA)- Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) Accountability Act of 2024 Ratepayer Protection Act (HR 9340)
Congress inferred from the report year; bill number and the title cited with it match Congress.gov records, and the bill predates the report. The amount is lobbying spending for every issue on this report, not this bill alone, and none of it is paid to any member of Congress. View filing
UNITED FOR PATENT REFORM · lobbying firm or registrant: TWINLOGIC STRATEGIES, LLP
2026 Q3 report (Jul 1, 2026 – Sep 30, 2026) · posted Oct 20, 2026 · issue area: Copyright/Patent/Trademark
$60,000
Paid to lobbying firm
CitesS. 1546· this member:Sponsored
Patent quality issues and preserving the Patent Trial and Appeal Board (PTAB) - S. 1553, HR 3160, the PREVAIL Act; S. 1546, HR 3152, the Patent Eligibility Restoration Act of 2023. Customer stay legislation - HR 7140 - Customer Legal Ease and Relief Act or the CLEAR" Act. USPTO NPR…
Congress inferred from the report year; bill number and the title cited with it match Congress.gov records, and the bill predates the report. The amount is lobbying spending for every issue on this report, not this bill alone, and none of it is paid to any member of Congress. View filing
UNITED FOR PATENT REFORM · lobbying firm or registrant: TWINLOGIC STRATEGIES, LLP
2026 Q3 report (Jul 1, 2026 – Sep 30, 2026) · posted Oct 20, 2026 · issue area: Copyright/Patent/Trademark
$60,000
Paid to lobbying firm
CitesS. 1553· this member:Cosponsored
Patent quality issues and preserving the Patent Trial and Appeal Board (PTAB) - S. 1553, HR 3160, the PREVAIL Act; S. 1546, HR 3152, the Patent Eligibility Restoration Act of 2023. Customer stay legislation - HR 7140 - Customer Legal Ease and Reli…
Congress inferred from the report year; bill number and the title cited with it match Congress.gov records, and the bill predates the report. The amount is lobbying spending for every issue on this report, not this bill alone, and none of it is paid to any member of Congress. View filing
ARMADA SYSTEMS, INC. · lobbying firm or registrant: INVARIANT LLC
2026 Q3 report (Jul 1, 2026 – Sep 30, 2026) · posted Oct 20, 2026 · issue area: Defense
$110,000
Paid to lobbying firm
CitesS. 4784· this member:Recorded vote on 1 roll call
Support AI-powered tools for edge computing with multiple types of terminals in H.R.8800/S.4784, the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2027; and the H.R. 9495, the Department of Defense Appropriations Act of 2027.
Congress inferred from the report year; bill number and the title cited with it match Congress.gov records, and the bill predates the report. The amount is lobbying spending for every issue on this report, not this bill alone, and none of it is paid to any member of Congress. View filing
PAYWARD, INC. DBA KRAKEN · lobbying firm or registrant: MICHAEL BEST STRATEGIES LLC
2026 Q3 report (Jul 1, 2026 – Sep 30, 2026) · posted Oct 20, 2026 · issue area: Financial Institutions/Investments/Securities
$150,000
Paid to lobbying firm
CitesH.R. 3633· this member:Recorded vote on 1 roll call
Issues related to cryptocurrency market structure legislation and cryptocurrency taxation; H.R. 3633 CLARITY Act.
Congress inferred from the report year; bill number and the title cited with it match Congress.gov records, and the bill predates the report. The amount is lobbying spending for every issue on this report, not this bill alone, and none of it is paid to any member of Congress. View filing
PAYWARD, INC. DBA KRAKEN · lobbying firm or registrant: MICHAEL BEST STRATEGIES LLC
2026 Q3 report (Jul 1, 2026 – Sep 30, 2026) · posted Oct 20, 2026 · issue area: Taxation/Internal Revenue Code
$150,000
Paid to lobbying firm
CitesH.R. 3633· this member:Recorded vote on 1 roll call
Issues related to cryptocurrency market structure legislation and cryptocurrency taxation; H.R. 3633 CLARITY Act.
Congress inferred from the report year; bill number and the title cited with it match Congress.gov records, and the bill predates the report. The amount is lobbying spending for every issue on this report, not this bill alone, and none of it is paid to any member of Congress. View filing
NATIONAL GRID USA · lobbying firm or registrant: NATIONAL GRID USA
2026 Q3 report (Jul 1, 2026 – Sep 30, 2026) · posted Oct 20, 2026 · issue area: Utilities
$280,000
Spent on own lobbying
CitesH.R. 9340· this member:Recorded vote on 1 roll call
…t, S.465 the GRID Power Act, S.1327, Advancing GETs Act of 2025, S.3034, the Reliable Power Act, and S.3192, Responsive Energy Demand Unlocks Clean Energy Act, H.R. 9340, the Ratepayer Protection Act. Issues relating to energy infrastructure projects, including electric and gas transmission (no specific legislation introduced o…
Congress inferred from the report year; bill number and the title cited with it match Congress.gov records, and the bill predates the report. The amount is lobbying spending for every issue on this report, not this bill alone, and none of it is paid to any member of Congress. View filing
NATIONAL GRID USA · lobbying firm or registrant: NATIONAL GRID USA
2026 Q3 report (Jul 1, 2026 – Sep 30, 2026) · posted Oct 20, 2026 · issue area: Utilities
$280,000
Spent on own lobbying
CitesS. 4944· this member:Cosponsored
…uding relevant provisions of FERC Order 1920. Federal policy on siting and permitting, including H.R. 4766, the SPEED Act, H.R. 5600 SPEED and Reliability Act, S.4944 American Energy and Mineral Infrastructure Act, S.4475 Unlock American Energy and Jobs Act, and S. 5653, the Bipartisan American Affordability and Jobs Act. Is…
Congress inferred from the report year; bill number and the title cited with it match Congress.gov records, and the bill predates the report. The amount is lobbying spending for every issue on this report, not this bill alone, and none of it is paid to any member of Congress. View filing
NATIONAL GRID USA · lobbying firm or registrant: NATIONAL GRID USA
2026 Q3 report (Jul 1, 2026 – Sep 30, 2026) · posted Oct 20, 2026 · issue area: Budget/Appropriations
$280,000
Spent on own lobbying
CitesH.R. 1968· this member:Recorded votes on 6 roll calls
…tance funding in the following 2025 appropriations legislation: Departments of Labor, Health and Human Services, and Education, and Related Agencies Act, 2026; H.R.1968 Full-Year Continuing Appropriations and Extensions Act, 2025; H.R. 5371 - Continuing Appropriations and Extensions Act, 2026. Provisions relating to agency res…
Congress inferred from the report year; bill number and the title cited with it match Congress.gov records, and the bill predates the report. The amount is lobbying spending for every issue on this report, not this bill alone, and none of it is paid to any member of Congress. View filing
NATIONAL GRID USA · lobbying firm or registrant: NATIONAL GRID USA
2026 Q3 report (Jul 1, 2026 – Sep 30, 2026) · posted Oct 20, 2026 · issue area: Budget/Appropriations
$280,000
Spent on own lobbying
CitesH.R. 5371· this member:Recorded votes on 23 roll calls
…ents of Labor, Health and Human Services, and Education, and Related Agencies Act, 2026; H.R.1968 Full-Year Continuing Appropriations and Extensions Act, 2025; H.R. 5371 - Continuing Appropriations and Extensions Act, 2026. Provisions relating to agency resources and staffing in the following 2025 appropriations legislation: H.…
Congress inferred from the report year; bill number and the title cited with it match Congress.gov records, and the bill predates the report. The amount is lobbying spending for every issue on this report, not this bill alone, and none of it is paid to any member of Congress. View filing
HADRIAN AUTOMATION · lobbying firm or registrant: INVARIANT LLC
2026 Q3 report (Jul 1, 2026 – Sep 30, 2026) · posted Oct 20, 2026 · issue area: Defense
$130,000
Paid to lobbying firm
CitesS. 4784· this member:Recorded vote on 1 roll call
Discuss and promote automated manufacturing for national security supply chains in H.R.8800/S.4784, the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2027, and the H.R. 9495, the Department of Defense Appropriations Act of 2027. Monitor implementation o…
Congress inferred from the report year; bill number and the title cited with it match Congress.gov records, and the bill predates the report. The amount is lobbying spending for every issue on this report, not this bill alone, and none of it is paid to any member of Congress. View filing
BLUE CROSS AND BLUE SHIELD OF KANSAS INC · lobbying firm or registrant: BLUE CROSS AND BLUE SHIELD OF KANSAS, INC.
2026 Q3 report (Jul 1, 2026 – Sep 30, 2026) · posted Oct 20, 2026 · issue area: Pharmacy
$10,000
Spent on own lobbying
CitesS. 1097· this member:Cosponsored
…e the efficient review of petitions filed in good faith to raise legitimate public health concerns, and for other purposes. Sponsor: Sen. Klobuchar, Amy [D-MN] S.1097 - Interagency Patent Coordination and Improvement Act of 2025 To amend title 35, United States Code, to establish an interagency task force between the United…
Congress inferred from the report year; bill number and the title cited with it match Congress.gov records, and the bill predates the report. The amount is lobbying spending for every issue on this report, not this bill alone, and none of it is paid to any member of Congress. View filing
COINBASE, INC. · lobbying firm or registrant: THEGROUP DC, LLC
2026 Q3 report (Jul 1, 2026 – Sep 30, 2026) · posted Oct 20, 2026 · issue area: Financial Institutions/Investments/Securities
$90,000
Paid to lobbying firm
CitesH.R. 3633· this member:Recorded vote on 1 roll call
H.R. 3633, Digital Asset Market Clarity Act, provisions related to digital assets
Congress inferred from the report year; bill number and the title cited with it match Congress.gov records, and the bill predates the report. The amount is lobbying spending for every issue on this report, not this bill alone, and none of it is paid to any member of Congress. View filing