119th Congress · introduced in the Senate · May 1, 2025
Patent Eligibility Restoration Act of 2025
Official title from Congress.gov
Latest action (Oct 8, 2025): Senate Subcommittee on Intellectual Property. Hearings held. With printed Hearing: S.Hrg. 119-282.
View on Congress.govPolicy area: Commerce
Congressional Research Service summary, version: Introduced in Senate (May 1, 2025)
Patent Eligibility Restoration Act of 2025
This bill amends the law relating to patent subject matter eligibility to establish that only specified subject matter (e.g., a natural process wholly independent of human activity) is ineligible for patenting. (Currently, subject matter eligibility is determined by examining whether the claimed invention is directed to certain ineligible categories, and if so, whether there is an inventive concept. Subject matter eligibility is one of several requirements that an invention must satisfy in order to receive patent protection.)
Under this bill, an invention shall be considered to involve patent-ineligible subject matter only if it falls within specified categories, such as (1) a mathematical formula that is not part of a useful process, machine, manufacture, or composition; (2) a mental process that is performed solely in the human mind; or (3) an unmodified human gene as the gene exists in the human body.
Includes amendment, cloture, and procedural votes. Each is labeled with its exact question; only a passage question is a vote to pass the bill.
No recorded roll calls on this bill in coverage.
Senate Subcommittee on Intellectual Property. Hearings held. With printed Hearing: S.Hrg. 119-282.
Read twice and referred to the Committee on the Judiciary.
Introduced in Senate
Actions from Congress.gov, newest first.
Intellectual property · Judicial procedure and administration · Judicial review and appeals
LD-2 reports whose issue descriptions explicitly cite this bill (bill type and number validated against Congress.gov records). A citation does not establish the client's position or any contact with a member.
Loading lobbying reportsCoverage: reports for 2025 onward, posted Jan 1, 2025 through Oct 24, 2026.
210 citations; showing the 25 most recently posted.
CISCO SYSTEMS INC · lobbying firm or registrant: CISCO SYSTEMS, INC
2026 Q3 report (Jul 1, 2026 – Sep 30, 2026) · posted Oct 21, 2026 · issue area: Copyright/Patent/Trademark
$1,120,000
Spent on own lobbying
…GHT AND PATENT SYSTEM S. 708: RESTORE PATENT RIGHTS ACT OF 2025; PROVISIONS RELATED TO INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY AND STRENGTHENING THE COPY RIGHT AND PATENT SYSTEM S. 1546: PATENT ELIGIBILITY RESTORATION ACT OF 2025; PROVISIONS RELATED TO INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY AND STRENGTHENING THE COPY RIGHT AND PATENT SYSTEM S. 1553: PREVAIL AC…
Congress inferred from the report year; bill number and the title cited with it match Congress.gov records, and the bill predates the report. The amount is lobbying spending for every issue on this report, not this bill alone, and none of it is paid to any member of Congress. View filing
BIOTECHNOLOGY INNOVATION ORGANIZATION · lobbying firm or registrant: BIOTECHNOLOGY INNOVATION ORGANIZATION
2026 Q3 report (Jul 1, 2026 – Sep 30, 2026) · posted Oct 21, 2026 · issue area: Copyright/Patent/Trademark
$2,560,000
Spent on own lobbying
…1095: Stop STALLING Act ---S.1096: Preserve Access to Affordable Generics and Biosimilars Act ---S.1097: Interagency Patent Coordination and Improvement Act ---S.1546/H.R.3152: Patent Eligibility Restoration Act (PERA) ---S.2658: Medication Affordability and Patient Integrity Act ---S.3014: Ensuring Timely Access to Generics…
Congress inferred from the report year; bill number and the title cited with it match Congress.gov records, and the bill predates the report. The amount is lobbying spending for every issue on this report, not this bill alone, and none of it is paid to any member of Congress. View filing
SOFTWARE & INFORMATION INDUSTRY ASSOCIATION · lobbying firm or registrant: SIIA
2026 Q3 report (Jul 1, 2026 – Sep 30, 2026) · posted Oct 20, 2026 · issue area: Copyright/Patent/Trademark
$1,424,847
Spent on own lobbying
…Proposals for blocking foreign piracy websites, including H.R. 10364, American Copyright Protection Act of 2026, and S. 5529/H.R. 10575, DEFEND IP Act of 2026 S. 1546/H.R. 3152, Patent Eligibility Restoration Act of 2025 S. 1553/H.R. 3160, Promoting and Respecting Economically Vital American Innovation Leadership Act S. 708/…
Congress inferred from the report year; bill number and the title cited with it match Congress.gov records, and the bill predates the report. The amount is lobbying spending for every issue on this report, not this bill alone, and none of it is paid to any member of Congress. View filing
UNITED FOR PATENT REFORM · lobbying firm or registrant: TWINLOGIC STRATEGIES, LLP
2026 Q3 report (Jul 1, 2026 – Sep 30, 2026) · posted Oct 20, 2026 · issue area: Copyright/Patent/Trademark
$60,000
Paid to lobbying firm
Patent quality issues and preserving the Patent Trial and Appeal Board (PTAB) - S. 1553, HR 3160, the PREVAIL Act; S. 1546, HR 3152, the Patent Eligibility Restoration Act of 2023. Customer stay legislation - HR 7140 - Customer Legal Ease and Relief Act or the CLEAR" Act. USPTO NPR…
Congress inferred from the report year; bill number and the title cited with it match Congress.gov records, and the bill predates the report. The amount is lobbying spending for every issue on this report, not this bill alone, and none of it is paid to any member of Congress. View filing
3M COMPANY · lobbying firm or registrant: 3M COMPANY
2026 Q3 report (Jul 1, 2026 – Sep 30, 2026) · posted Oct 20, 2026 · issue area: Copyright/Patent/Trademark
$750,000
Spent on own lobbying
Patent Protection and IP issues generally. S. 1546, Patent Eligibility and Restoration Act (PERA) HR 3152, Patent Eligibility and Restoration Act (PERA) S. 1553, Promoting and Respecting Economically Vital Amer…
Congress inferred from the report year; bill number and the title cited with it match Congress.gov records, and the bill predates the report. The amount is lobbying spending for every issue on this report, not this bill alone, and none of it is paid to any member of Congress. View filing
HIGH TECH INVENTORS ALLIANCE · lobbying firm or registrant: TWINLOGIC STRATEGIES, LLP
2026 Q3 report (Jul 1, 2026 – Sep 30, 2026) · posted Oct 20, 2026 · issue area: Copyright/Patent/Trademark
$40,000
Paid to lobbying firm
Patent quality issues and preserving the Patent Trial and Appeal Board (PTAB). S. 1553, HR 3160, the PREVAIL Act; S. 1546, HR 3152, the Patent Eligibility Restoration Act of 2023
Congress inferred from the report year; bill number and the title cited with it match Congress.gov records, and the bill predates the report. The amount is lobbying spending for every issue on this report, not this bill alone, and none of it is paid to any member of Congress. View filing
AMAZON.COM SERVICES LLC · lobbying firm or registrant: AMAZON.COM SERVICES LLC
2026 Q3 report (Jul 1, 2026 – Sep 30, 2026) · posted Oct 20, 2026 · issue area: Copyright/Patent/Trademark
$4,490,000
Spent on own lobbying
…, intermediary liability, and patent reform, including the RESTORE Patents Act (H.R. 1574 / S. 708), the Patent Eligibility Restoration (PERA) Act (H.R. 3152 / S. 1546), and the Promoting and Respecting Economically Vital American Innovation Leadership (PREVAIL) Act (H.R. 3160 / S. 1553).
Congress inferred from the report year; bill number matches Congress.gov records and the bill predates the report; no title was cited with it. The amount is lobbying spending for every issue on this report, not this bill alone, and none of it is paid to any member of Congress. View filing
PHARMACEUTICAL RESEARCH AND MANUFACTURERS OF AMERICA · lobbying firm or registrant: PHARMACEUTICAL RESEARCH AND MANUFACTURERS OF AMERICA
2026 Q3 report (Jul 1, 2026 – Sep 30, 2026) · posted Oct 20, 2026 · issue area: Copyright/Patent/Trademark
$7,040,000
Spent on own lobbying
…095: Stop STALLING Act S. 1096: Preserve Access to Affordable Generics and Biosimilars Act S. 1097: Interagency Patent Coordination and Improvement Act of 2025 S. 1546: Patent Eligibility Restoration Act of 2025 (PERA) S. 1553: Promoting and Respecting Economically Vital American Innovation Leadership Act (PREVAIL Act) S. 227…
Congress inferred from the report year; bill number and the title cited with it match Congress.gov records, and the bill predates the report. The amount is lobbying spending for every issue on this report, not this bill alone, and none of it is paid to any member of Congress. View filing
GSK (FKA GLAXOSMITHKLINE INC.) · lobbying firm or registrant: GSK (FKA GLAXOSMITHKLINE INC.)
2026 Q3 report (Jul 1, 2026 – Sep 30, 2026) · posted Oct 20, 2026 · issue area: Copyright/Patent/Trademark
$1,530,000
Spent on own lobbying
…095: Stop STALLING Act S. 1096: Preserve Access to Affordable Generics and Biosimilars Act S. 1097: Interagency Patent Coordination and Improvement Act of 2025 S. 1546: Patent Eligibility Restoration Act of 2025 (PERA) S. 1553: Promoting and Respecting Economically Vital American Innovation Leadership Act (PREVAIL Act) S. 227…
Congress inferred from the report year; bill number and the title cited with it match Congress.gov records, and the bill predates the report. The amount is lobbying spending for every issue on this report, not this bill alone, and none of it is paid to any member of Congress. View filing
MEDTRONIC INC · lobbying firm or registrant: MEDTRONIC, INC.
2026 Q3 report (Jul 1, 2026 – Sep 30, 2026) · posted Oct 20, 2026 · issue area: Copyright/Patent/Trademark
$1,610,000
Spent on own lobbying
Issues related to intellectual property including S. 1553, the PREVAIL Act, S.1546, the Patent Eligibility Restoration Act of 2025, and S.708, the RESTORE Patent Rights Act of 2025 Issues related to Patent Trial and Appeal Board procedures
Congress inferred from the report year; bill number and the title cited with it match Congress.gov records, and the bill predates the report. The amount is lobbying spending for every issue on this report, not this bill alone, and none of it is paid to any member of Congress. View filing
BAYER CORPORATION (CONSOLIDATED REPORT) · lobbying firm or registrant: BAYER CORPORATION (CONSOLIDATED REPORT)
2026 Q3 report (Jul 1, 2026 – Sep 30, 2026) · posted Oct 20, 2026 · issue area: Copyright/Patent/Trademark
$1,710,000
Spent on own lobbying
…bility Restoration Act of 2025. H.R. 3160, PREVAIL Act. H.R. 3269, ETHIC Act. H.R. 9681, Fair Seeds for Farmers Act. S. 708, RESTORE Patent Rights Act of 2025. S. 1546, Patent Eligibility Restoration Act of 2025. S. 1553, PREVAIL Act. S. 2276, ETHIC Act. S. 5104, Fair Seeds for Farmers Act.
Congress inferred from the report year; bill number and the title cited with it match Congress.gov records, and the bill predates the report. The amount is lobbying spending for every issue on this report, not this bill alone, and none of it is paid to any member of Congress. View filing
AMGEN INC · lobbying firm or registrant: AMGEN, INC.
2026 Q3 report (Jul 1, 2026 – Sep 30, 2026) · posted Oct 20, 2026 · issue area: Copyright/Patent/Trademark
$3,150,000
Spent on own lobbying
…ities by Restoring Exclusive Patent Rights Act of 2025 (RESTORE) S.1553/HR3160-- Promoting and Respecting Economically Viable American Innovation Act (PREVAIL) S. 1546/ HR 3152-- Patent Eligibility Restoration Act of 2025 (PERA) S 2276 / HR 3269 Eliminating Thickets to Increase Competition Act (ETHIC Act) S. 43/HR 6485 Skinny…
Congress inferred from the report year; bill number and the title cited with it match Congress.gov records, and the bill predates the report. The amount is lobbying spending for every issue on this report, not this bill alone, and none of it is paid to any member of Congress. View filing
UNIFIED PATENTS, LLC · lobbying firm or registrant: ENDGAME STRATEGIES, LLC
2026 Q3 report (Jul 1, 2026 – Sep 30, 2026) · posted Oct 20, 2026 · issue area: Copyright/Patent/Trademark
$20,000
Paid to lobbying firm
…les governing the Patent Trial and Appeals Board, including both legislative and regulatory proposals. PREVAIL Act, S. 1553 Patent Eligibility Restoration Act, S. 1546. General opposition to legislative efforts to weaken the Patent Trial & Appeal Board at the USPTO.
Congress inferred from the report year; bill number and the title cited with it match Congress.gov records, and the bill predates the report. The amount is lobbying spending for every issue on this report, not this bill alone, and none of it is paid to any member of Congress. View filing
HIGH TECH INVENTORS ALLIANCE · lobbying firm or registrant: FRANKLIN SQUARE GROUP, LLC
2026 Q3 report (Jul 1, 2026 – Sep 30, 2026) · posted Oct 20, 2026 · issue area: Copyright/Patent/Trademark
$70,000
Paid to lobbying firm
Issues related to intellectual property legislation and regulation; H.R. 3152/S. 1546, Patent Eligibility Restoration Act of 2025; H.R. 3160/S. 1553, Promoting and Respecting Economically Vital American Innovation Leadership Act (PREVAIL Act); H…
Congress inferred from the report year; bill number and the title cited with it match Congress.gov records, and the bill predates the report. The amount is lobbying spending for every issue on this report, not this bill alone, and none of it is paid to any member of Congress. View filing
CISCO SYSTEMS INC · lobbying firm or registrant: FRANKLIN SQUARE GROUP, LLC
2026 Q3 report (Jul 1, 2026 – Sep 30, 2026) · posted Oct 20, 2026 · issue area: Copyright/Patent/Trademark
$50,000
Paid to lobbying firm
Intellectual property and patent issues; Standard Essential Patents; Intellectual Property/Patent enforcement at the International Trade Commission; H.R. 3152/S. 1546, Patent Eligibility Restoration Act of 2025; H.R. 3160/S. 1553, Promoting and Respecting Economically Vital American Innovation Leadership Act (PREVAIL Act); H…
Congress inferred from the report year; bill number and the title cited with it match Congress.gov records, and the bill predates the report. The amount is lobbying spending for every issue on this report, not this bill alone, and none of it is paid to any member of Congress. View filing
MICROSOFT CORPORATION · lobbying firm or registrant: MICROSOFT CORPORATION
2026 Q3 report (Jul 1, 2026 – Sep 30, 2026) · posted Oct 20, 2026 · issue area: Copyright/Patent/Trademark
$2,440,000
Spent on own lobbying
…d policy issues. Software patents and related policy issues. S. 1553, Promoting and Respecting Economically Vital American Innovation Leadership (PREVAIL) Act. S. 1546, Patent Eligibility Restoration Act. S. 1367, NO FAKES Act. S. 4098, AI Ready Data Act.
Congress inferred from the report year; bill number and the title cited with it match Congress.gov records, and the bill predates the report. The amount is lobbying spending for every issue on this report, not this bill alone, and none of it is paid to any member of Congress. View filing
CORNELL UNIVERSITY · lobbying firm or registrant: CORNELL UNIVERSITY
2026 Q3 report (Jul 1, 2026 – Sep 30, 2026) · posted Oct 20, 2026 · issue area: Copyright/Patent/Trademark
$220,000
Spent on own lobbying
…taff to discuss university intellectual property and technology transfer operations, and to encourage support for the PREVAIL (HR 3160, S.1553), PERA (HR 3512, S.1546), and RESTORE (HR 1578, S.704) Acts. Met with Senators, Representatives, and legislative staff to encourage support for efforts to prevent agencies from indisc…
Congress inferred from the report year; bill number matches Congress.gov records and the bill predates the report; no title was cited with it. The amount is lobbying spending for every issue on this report, not this bill alone, and none of it is paid to any member of Congress. View filing
COALITION FOR 21ST CENTURY PATENT REFORM · lobbying firm or registrant: AKIN GUMP STRAUSS HAUER & FELD
2026 Q3 report (Jul 1, 2026 – Sep 30, 2026) · posted Oct 20, 2026 · issue area: Copyright/Patent/Trademark
$80,000
Paid to lobbying firm
Issues related to patent reform legislation; Issues related to patent reform legislation and regulation, including S. 1546 - the Patent Eligibility Restoration Act of 2025.
Congress inferred from the report year; bill number and the title cited with it match Congress.gov records, and the bill predates the report. The amount is lobbying spending for every issue on this report, not this bill alone, and none of it is paid to any member of Congress. View filing
ELECTRONIC FRONTIER FOUNDATION · lobbying firm or registrant: ELECTRONIC FRONTIER FOUNDATION
2026 Q3 report (Jul 1, 2026 – Sep 30, 2026) · posted Oct 20, 2026 · issue area: Copyright/Patent/Trademark
$20,000
Spent on own lobbying
S.1367, NO FAKES Act, Section 2, voice and visual likeness. S.1546 - Patent Eligibility Restoration Act, all provisions. S.4145/H.R.4072 - Pro Codes Act of 2026, all provisions.
Congress inferred from the report year; bill number and the title cited with it match Congress.gov records, and the bill predates the report. The amount is lobbying spending for every issue on this report, not this bill alone, and none of it is paid to any member of Congress. View filing
NOVARTIS · lobbying firm or registrant: NOVARTIS
2026 Q3 report (Jul 1, 2026 – Sep 30, 2026) · posted Oct 20, 2026 · issue area: Copyright/Patent/Trademark
$840,000
Spent on own lobbying
…ct (ETHIC Act) Biopharmaceutical innovation policy issues Bayh-Dole march-in rights policy issues Patent thicket policy issues Patent eligibility policy issues S. 1546/H.R. 3152: Patent Eligibility Restoration Act of 2025 (PERA) H.R. 3160: Promoting and Respecting Economically Vital American Innovation Leadership Act (PREVAIL…
Congress inferred from the report year; bill number and the title cited with it match Congress.gov records, and the bill predates the report. The amount is lobbying spending for every issue on this report, not this bill alone, and none of it is paid to any member of Congress. View filing
INNOVATION ALLIANCE · lobbying firm or registrant: AKIN GUMP STRAUSS HAUER & FELD
2026 Q3 report (Jul 1, 2026 – Sep 30, 2026) · posted Oct 20, 2026 · issue area: Copyright/Patent/Trademark
$80,000
Paid to lobbying firm
Issues related to patent rights and patent enforcement; Issues related to H.R. 3160/S. 1553 - PREVAIL Act; Issues related to H.R. 3152/S. 1546 - Patent Eligibility Restoration Act of 2025; Issues related to H.R. 1574/S. 708 - RESTORE Patent Rights Act of 2025; Issues related to Section 337; H.R. 8845…
Congress inferred from the report year; bill number and the title cited with it match Congress.gov records, and the bill predates the report. The amount is lobbying spending for every issue on this report, not this bill alone, and none of it is paid to any member of Congress. View filing
SMALL BUSINESS & ENTREPRENEURSHIP COUNCIL (SBE COUNCIL) · lobbying firm or registrant: SMALL BUSINESS & ENTREPRENEURSHIP COUNCIL (SBE COUNCIL)
2026 Q3 report (Jul 1, 2026 – Sep 30, 2026) · posted Oct 20, 2026 · issue area: Small Business
$35,000
Spent on own lobbying
…he Center for Medicare and Medicaid Innovation (CMMI) Act, H.R. 8293: Support the legislation. Intellectual Property Patent Eligibility Restoration Act (PERA), S. 1546: Reiterated support for the Senate introduced bill. Trade and Global Market Access Comments to the Office of the United States Trade Representative: Submitted…
Congress inferred from the report year; bill number matches Congress.gov records and the bill predates the report; no title was cited with it. The amount is lobbying spending for every issue on this report, not this bill alone, and none of it is paid to any member of Congress. View filing
ASSOCIATION OF AMERICAN UNIVERSITIES · lobbying firm or registrant: ASSOCIATION OF AMERICAN UNIVERSITIES
2026 Q1 report (Jan 1, 2026 – Mar 31, 2026) · amended · posted Oct 20, 2026 · issue area: Copyright/Patent/Trademark
$125,337
Spent on own lobbying
S.3971- SBIR/STTR Reauthorization Act of 2026 H.R. 5100 - To extend the SBIR and STTR programs, and for other purposes S.1546 - Patent Eligibility Restoration Act of 2025 S.1553 - PREVAIL Act H.R.5223 - RESTORE Act of 2025 -- regarding policy issues affecting higher education institut…
Congress inferred from the report year; bill number and the title cited with it match Congress.gov records, and the bill predates the report. The amount is lobbying spending for every issue on this report, not this bill alone, and none of it is paid to any member of Congress. View filing
THE CAMPAIGN FOR SUSTAINABLE RX PRICING · lobbying firm or registrant: MEHLMAN CONSULTING, INC.
2026 Q3 report (Jul 1, 2026 – Sep 30, 2026) · posted Oct 20, 2026 · issue area: Copyright/Patent/Trademark
$90,000
Paid to lobbying firm
…- Skinny Labels, Big Savings Act. H.R. 3269/S. 2276 - Eliminating Thickets to Increase Competition (ETHIC) Act. H.R. 3160/S. 1533 - The Prevail Act. H.R. 3152/S. 1546 - Patient Eligibility Restoration Act.
Congress inferred from the report year; bill number and the title cited with it match Congress.gov records, and the bill predates the report. The amount is lobbying spending for every issue on this report, not this bill alone, and none of it is paid to any member of Congress. View filing
QUALCOMM INCORPORATED · lobbying firm or registrant: COVINGTON & BURLING LLP
2026 Q3 report (Jul 1, 2026 – Sep 30, 2026) · posted Oct 19, 2026 · issue area: Copyright/Patent/Trademark
$610,000
Paid to lobbying firm
…lectual property/antitrust issues; RESTORE Patent Rights Act of 2025 (H.R. 1574, S. 708); PREVAIL Act (S. 1553, H.R. 3160); Patent Eligibility Restoration Act (S. 1546, H.R. 3152); Leadership in CET Act (S. 1833, H.R. 3539).
Congress inferred from the report year; bill number and the title cited with it match Congress.gov records, and the bill predates the report. The amount is lobbying spending for every issue on this report, not this bill alone, and none of it is paid to any member of Congress. View filing