
Senator · ND · R
Current term Jan 3, 2023 – Jan 3, 2029 · In the Senate since Jan 5, 2011
Official websiteContact formBiographical Directory
Portrait: U.S. Government Publishing Office, via unitedstates/images (public domain)
Lobbying reports (LD-2) whose issue descriptions explicitly cite a bill this member sponsored, cosponsored, or cast a recorded vote on. This documents an overlap in subject only. LD-2 reports generally do not name the members contacted, and a citation does not show contact with this member, influence, or the client's position on the bill. No matching record means none was found within coverage, not that no lobbying occurred.
Loading lobbying reportsCoverage: LD-2 reports for 2025 onward, posted Jan 1, 2025 through Oct 28, 2026. Only the current version of each report is used.
36,767 report citations, newest first.
WESTERN STATES TOURISM POLICY COUNCIL · lobbying firm or registrant: CARPI & CLAY, INC
2026 Q3 report (Jul 1, 2026 – Sep 30, 2026) · posted Oct 20, 2026 · issue area: Travel/Tourism
$20,000
Paid to lobbying firm
CitesS. 1547· this member:Cosponsored
Support S. 1547, the America the Beautiful Act. Support Great American Outdoors Act 250 (H.R.9250) Monitor implementation of the EXLORE Act (P.L. 118-234). Support SHRED Act (…
Congress inferred from the report year; bill number and the title cited with it match Congress.gov records, and the bill predates the report. The amount is lobbying spending for every issue on this report, not this bill alone, and none of it is paid to any member of Congress. View filing
AMERICAN BANKERS ASSOCIATION · lobbying firm or registrant: MONUMENT ADVOCACY
2026 Q3 report (Jul 1, 2026 – Sep 30, 2026) · posted Oct 20, 2026 · issue area: Agriculture
$50,000
Paid to lobbying firm
CitesS. 899· this member:Sponsored
Issues related to farm finance, crop insurance, direct and guarantee loans, beginning farmer and rancher programs, farm bill incl H.R.7567; S.899, H.R.1991 Producer and Agricultural Credit Enhancement Act of 2025, H.R. 6720. Issues related to rural housing.
Congress inferred from the report year; bill number and the title cited with it match Congress.gov records, and the bill predates the report. The amount is lobbying spending for every issue on this report, not this bill alone, and none of it is paid to any member of Congress. View filing
GOOGLE CLIENT SERVICES LLC · lobbying firm or registrant: GOOGLE CLIENT SERVICES LLC
2026 Q3 report (Jul 1, 2026 – Sep 30, 2026) · posted Oct 20, 2026 · issue area: Consumer Issues/Safety/Products
$3,230,000
Spent on own lobbying
CitesS. 1748· this member:Cosponsored
…, and manipulative content Digital wellbeing Generative AI safety and privacy issues Age assurance H.R. 859 / S. 28 Informing Consumers About Smart Devices Act S. 1748 / H.R. 6484 - Kids Online Safety Act S. 836 / H.R. 6291 - Children and Teens' Online Privacy Protection Act S. 278 - Kids Off Social Media Act H.R. 3149 / S. 1…
Congress inferred from the report year; bill number and the title cited with it match Congress.gov records, and the bill predates the report. The amount is lobbying spending for every issue on this report, not this bill alone, and none of it is paid to any member of Congress. View filing
GOOGLE CLIENT SERVICES LLC · lobbying firm or registrant: GOOGLE CLIENT SERVICES LLC
2026 Q3 report (Jul 1, 2026 – Sep 30, 2026) · posted Oct 20, 2026 · issue area: Energy/Nuclear
$3,230,000
Spent on own lobbying
CitesS. 456· this member:Cosponsored
…development and deployment Sustainability efforts Energy Permitting Reform H.R. XX, Ratepayer Protection Act H.R. 2703/ S. 1327, Advancing GETS Act H.R. 1077 / S. 456, STEAM Act H.R. 301, GEO Act H.R. 3838, SPEED Act H.R. 6633, High Capacity Grid Act H.R. 2122, IMPACT Act H.R. 6984, Data Center Transparency Act H.R. 6983, Pr…
Congress inferred from the report year; bill number and the title cited with it match Congress.gov records, and the bill predates the report. The amount is lobbying spending for every issue on this report, not this bill alone, and none of it is paid to any member of Congress. View filing
GOOGLE CLIENT SERVICES LLC · lobbying firm or registrant: GOOGLE CLIENT SERVICES LLC
2026 Q3 report (Jul 1, 2026 – Sep 30, 2026) · posted Oct 20, 2026 · issue area: Energy/Nuclear
$3,230,000
Spent on own lobbying
CitesS. 4975· this member:Sponsored
…RE Act H.R. 4503, ePERMIT Act H.R. 5631, Geothermal Energy Advancement Act H.R. 1687 / S. 4960, Committing Leases for Energy Access Now (CLEAN) Act H.R. 5587 / S. 4975, Harnessing Energy at Thermal Sources (HEATS) Act S. 4116 / H.R. 8437, Geo POWER Act H.R. 8790 / S. 4406, Next-Generation Geothermal Research and Development A…
Congress inferred from the report year; bill number and the title cited with it match Congress.gov records, and the bill predates the report. The amount is lobbying spending for every issue on this report, not this bill alone, and none of it is paid to any member of Congress. View filing
ERNST & YOUNG LLP (WASHINGTON COUNCIL ERNST & YOUNG) · lobbying firm or registrant: ERNST & YOUNG LLP (WASHINGTON COUNCIL ERNST & YOUNG)
2026 Q3 report (Jul 1, 2026 – Sep 30, 2026) · posted Oct 20, 2026 · issue area: Government Issues
$750,000
Spent on own lobbying
CitesS. 4784· this member:Recorded vote on 1 roll call
Federal government audit and audit readiness issues; H.R. 8800 and S. 4784, the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2027.
Congress inferred from the report year; bill number and the title cited with it match Congress.gov records, and the bill predates the report. The amount is lobbying spending for every issue on this report, not this bill alone, and none of it is paid to any member of Congress. View filing
ERNST & YOUNG LLP (WASHINGTON COUNCIL ERNST & YOUNG) · lobbying firm or registrant: ERNST & YOUNG LLP (WASHINGTON COUNCIL ERNST & YOUNG)
2026 Q3 report (Jul 1, 2026 – Sep 30, 2026) · posted Oct 20, 2026 · issue area: Accounting
$750,000
Spent on own lobbying
CitesH.R. 3633· this member:Recorded vote on 1 roll call
…various proposed PCAOB standards, internal controls over financial reporting, and similar topics; issues related to the regulation of digital assets, including H.R. 3633, the Digital Asset Market Clarity Act of 2025, S. 1582, the GENIUS Act; H.R. 2911, Accounting STEM Pursuit Act; issues related to blockchain technology, issues…
Congress inferred from the report year; bill number and the title cited with it match Congress.gov records, and the bill predates the report. The amount is lobbying spending for every issue on this report, not this bill alone, and none of it is paid to any member of Congress. View filing
ERNST & YOUNG LLP (WASHINGTON COUNCIL ERNST & YOUNG) · lobbying firm or registrant: ERNST & YOUNG LLP (WASHINGTON COUNCIL ERNST & YOUNG)
2026 Q3 report (Jul 1, 2026 – Sep 30, 2026) · posted Oct 20, 2026 · issue area: Accounting
$750,000
Spent on own lobbying
CitesS. 1582· this member:Recorded votes on 9 roll calls
…financial reporting, and similar topics; issues related to the regulation of digital assets, including H.R. 3633, the Digital Asset Market Clarity Act of 2025, S. 1582, the GENIUS Act; H.R. 2911, Accounting STEM Pursuit Act; issues related to blockchain technology, issues related to the regulation of artificial intelligence.
Congress inferred from the report year; bill number and the title cited with it match Congress.gov records, and the bill predates the report. The amount is lobbying spending for every issue on this report, not this bill alone, and none of it is paid to any member of Congress. View filing
ROBLOX CORPORATION · lobbying firm or registrant: FRANKLIN SQUARE GROUP, LLC
2026 Q3 report (Jul 1, 2026 – Sep 30, 2026) · posted Oct 20, 2026 · issue area: Computer Industry
$80,000
Paid to lobbying firm
CitesS. 1748· this member:Cosponsored
…t moderation, competition and artificial intelligence; S. 836, Children and Teens Online Privacy Protection Act (COPPA 2.0); S. 146/H.R. 633, TAKE IT DOWN Act; S. 1748, Kids Online Safety Act (KOSA); H.R. 6719, James T. Woods Act
Congress inferred from the report year; bill number and the title cited with it match Congress.gov records, and the bill predates the report. The amount is lobbying spending for every issue on this report, not this bill alone, and none of it is paid to any member of Congress. View filing
AMERIPRISE FINANCIAL, INC. · lobbying firm or registrant: AMERIPRISE FINANCIAL, INC.
2026 Q3 report (Jul 1, 2026 – Sep 30, 2026) · posted Oct 20, 2026 · issue area: Financial Institutions/Investments/Securities
$340,000
Spent on own lobbying
CitesH.R. 3633· this member:Recorded vote on 1 roll call
…ervision (RAMS) Act; entire bill H.R. 3383 - Incentivizing New Ventures and Economic Strength Through Capital Formation Act of 2025 INVEST Act of 2025 (INVEST) H.R. 3633 - CLARITY Act of 2025 (entire bill) & Senate amendments to H.R. 3633 CLARITY Act of 2025 H.R. 7187 - Clarity for Compensation Act; entire bill H.R. 8338 - Safe…
Congress inferred from the report year; bill number and the title cited with it match Congress.gov records, and the bill predates the report. The amount is lobbying spending for every issue on this report, not this bill alone, and none of it is paid to any member of Congress. View filing
AMERIPRISE FINANCIAL, INC. · lobbying firm or registrant: AMERIPRISE FINANCIAL, INC.
2026 Q3 report (Jul 1, 2026 – Sep 30, 2026) · posted Oct 20, 2026 · issue area: Financial Institutions/Investments/Securities
$340,000
Spent on own lobbying
CitesS. 4784· this member:Recorded vote on 1 roll call
…fiable Information Act; entire bill S. 1877 - Improving Disclosures for Investors Act; entire bill S. 3671 - Increasing Investor Opportunities Act; entire bill S. 4784 - National Defense Authorization (NDAA); Section 815, Corporate capital distribution policies, including share repurchases and dividends restrictions Not Yet I…
Congress inferred from the report year; bill number matches Congress.gov records and the bill predates the report; no title was cited with it. The amount is lobbying spending for every issue on this report, not this bill alone, and none of it is paid to any member of Congress. View filing
REDDIT, INC. · lobbying firm or registrant: FRANKLIN SQUARE GROUP, LLC
2026 Q3 report (Jul 1, 2026 – Sep 30, 2026) · posted Oct 20, 2026 · issue area: Computer Industry
$60,000
Paid to lobbying firm
CitesS. 1748· this member:Cosponsored
…tions to Protect Children Suffering from Abuse and Mistreatment Act (STOP CSAM Act); S. 146/H.R. 633, TAKE IT DOWN Act; H.R. 9915, Stealth Bot Prohibition Act; S. 1748, Kids Online Safety Act; Issues related to artificial intelligence
Congress inferred from the report year; bill number and the title cited with it match Congress.gov records, and the bill predates the report. The amount is lobbying spending for every issue on this report, not this bill alone, and none of it is paid to any member of Congress. View filing
MATSYS, INC. · lobbying firm or registrant: INVARIANT LLC
2026 Q3 report (Jul 1, 2026 – Sep 30, 2026) · posted Oct 20, 2026 · issue area: Defense
$90,000
Paid to lobbying firm
CitesS. 4784· this member:Recorded vote on 1 roll call
Support the integration of novel energetics to modernize armed forces munitions in H.R.8800/S.4784, the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2027; and H.R. 9495, the Department of Defense Appropriations Act of 2027.
Congress inferred from the report year; bill number and the title cited with it match Congress.gov records, and the bill predates the report. The amount is lobbying spending for every issue on this report, not this bill alone, and none of it is paid to any member of Congress. View filing
ADVENTIST HEALTH · lobbying firm or registrant: DEBRUNNER & ASSOCIATES
2026 Q3 report (Jul 1, 2026 – Sep 30, 2026) · posted Oct 20, 2026 · issue area: Health Issues
$31,500
Paid to lobbying firm
CitesH.R. 1· this member:Recorded votes on 44 roll calls
HR 7145, HR 1 Implemenatation
Congress inferred from the report year; bill number matches Congress.gov records and the bill predates the report; no title was cited with it. The amount is lobbying spending for every issue on this report, not this bill alone, and none of it is paid to any member of Congress. View filing
ADVENTIST HEALTH · lobbying firm or registrant: DEBRUNNER & ASSOCIATES
2026 Q3 report (Jul 1, 2026 – Sep 30, 2026) · posted Oct 20, 2026 · issue area: Medicare/Medicaid
$31,500
Paid to lobbying firm
CitesH.R. 1· this member:Recorded votes on 44 roll calls
HR 7145, HR 1 Implementation
Congress inferred from the report year; bill number matches Congress.gov records and the bill predates the report; no title was cited with it. The amount is lobbying spending for every issue on this report, not this bill alone, and none of it is paid to any member of Congress. View filing
CENTER FOR INDIVIDUAL FREEDOM · lobbying firm or registrant: CENTER FOR INDIVIDUAL FREEDOM
2026 Q3 report (Jul 1, 2026 – Sep 30, 2026) · posted Oct 20, 2026 · issue area: Government Issues
$20,000
Spent on own lobbying
CitesS. 252· this member:Cosponsored
S. 252 - Guidance Out of Darkness Act H.R. 1515 - Guidance Out of Darkness Act Correspondence with United States Senate urging passage of the legislation, which would…
Congress inferred from the report year; bill number and the title cited with it match Congress.gov records, and the bill predates the report. The amount is lobbying spending for every issue on this report, not this bill alone, and none of it is paid to any member of Congress. View filing
AMERICAN CHIROPRACTIC ASSOCIATION, INC. · lobbying firm or registrant: CAPITOL HILL CONSULTING GROUP
2026 Q3 report (Jul 1, 2026 – Sep 30, 2026) · posted Oct 20, 2026 · issue area: Medicare/Medicaid
$40,000
Paid to lobbying firm
CitesS. 106· this member:Cosponsored
Medicare reimbursement and coverage of chiropractic services, including H.R.539 and S.106. Issues related to expanding access through telehealth. Issues related to physician reimbursement.
Congress inferred from the report year; bill number matches Congress.gov records and the bill predates the report; no title was cited with it. The amount is lobbying spending for every issue on this report, not this bill alone, and none of it is paid to any member of Congress. View filing
DANIEL DEFENSE, INC. · lobbying firm or registrant: CROSS POTOMAC CONSULTING LLC
2026 Q3 report (Jul 1, 2026 – Sep 30, 2026) · posted Oct 20, 2026 · issue area: Defense
$30,000
Paid to lobbying firm
CitesS. 4784· this member:Recorded vote on 1 roll call
…grams, and support working with other federal agencies FY27 Department of Defense Appropriations, H.R. 9495 FY27 National Defense Authorization Act, H.R. 8800, S. 4784 Support legislation related to the 2nd Amendment
Congress inferred from the report year; bill number matches Congress.gov records and the bill predates the report; no title was cited with it. The amount is lobbying spending for every issue on this report, not this bill alone, and none of it is paid to any member of Congress. View filing
PAYPAL, INC. · lobbying firm or registrant: FRANKLIN SQUARE GROUP, LLC
2026 Q3 report (Jul 1, 2026 – Sep 30, 2026) · posted Oct 20, 2026 · issue area: Financial Institutions/Investments/Securities
$50,000
Paid to lobbying firm
CitesH.R. 3633· this member:Recorded vote on 1 roll call
Policy issues related to digital assets and financial technology; H.R. 2392, STABLE Act of 2025; H.R. 3633, Digital Asset Market Clarity Act of 2025; S. 1582, GENIUS Act; Discussion Draft of Responsible Financial Innovation Act of 2025
Congress inferred from the report year; bill number and the title cited with it match Congress.gov records, and the bill predates the report. The amount is lobbying spending for every issue on this report, not this bill alone, and none of it is paid to any member of Congress. View filing
PAYPAL, INC. · lobbying firm or registrant: FRANKLIN SQUARE GROUP, LLC
2026 Q3 report (Jul 1, 2026 – Sep 30, 2026) · posted Oct 20, 2026 · issue area: Financial Institutions/Investments/Securities
$50,000
Paid to lobbying firm
CitesS. 1582· this member:Recorded votes on 9 roll calls
Policy issues related to digital assets and financial technology; H.R. 2392, STABLE Act of 2025; H.R. 3633, Digital Asset Market Clarity Act of 2025; S. 1582, GENIUS Act; Discussion Draft of Responsible Financial Innovation Act of 2025
Congress inferred from the report year; bill number and the title cited with it match Congress.gov records, and the bill predates the report. The amount is lobbying spending for every issue on this report, not this bill alone, and none of it is paid to any member of Congress. View filing
JOHNSON & JOHNSON SERVICES INC · lobbying firm or registrant: JOHNSON & JOHNSON SERVICES, INC.
2026 Q3 report (Jul 1, 2026 – Sep 30, 2026) · posted Oct 20, 2026 · issue area: Defense
$2,220,000
Spent on own lobbying
CitesS. 4784· this member:Recorded vote on 1 roll call
- S.4784/H.R. 8800 National Defense Authorization Act (NDAA), regarding provision prohibiting Department of Defense (DOD) contracted companies from engaging in stock bu…
Congress inferred from the report year; bill number and the title cited with it match Congress.gov records, and the bill predates the report. The amount is lobbying spending for every issue on this report, not this bill alone, and none of it is paid to any member of Congress. View filing
IONQ, INC. · lobbying firm or registrant: IONQ, INC.
2026 Q3 report (Jul 1, 2026 – Sep 30, 2026) · posted Oct 20, 2026 · issue area: Science/Technology
$730,000
Spent on own lobbying
CitesS. 4784· this member:Recorded vote on 1 roll call
…Construction, Veterans Affairs, and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 2027; provisions supporting quantum technology and programmatic increases. H.R. 8800 / S. 4784 - National Defense Authorization Act (NDAA) for Fiscal Year 2027; provisions supporting quantum technology and programmatic increases.
Congress inferred from the report year; bill number and the title cited with it match Congress.gov records, and the bill predates the report. The amount is lobbying spending for every issue on this report, not this bill alone, and none of it is paid to any member of Congress. View filing
IONQ, INC. · lobbying firm or registrant: IONQ, INC.
2026 Q3 report (Jul 1, 2026 – Sep 30, 2026) · posted Oct 20, 2026 · issue area: Defense
$730,000
Spent on own lobbying
CitesS. 4784· this member:Recorded vote on 1 roll call
…Construction, Veterans Affairs, and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 2027; provisions supporting quantum technology and programmatic increases. H.R. 8800 / S. 4784 - National Defense Authorization Act (NDAA) for Fiscal Year 2027; provisions supporting quantum technology and programmatic increases. H.R. 9495 - Fiscal Year…
Congress inferred from the report year; bill number and the title cited with it match Congress.gov records, and the bill predates the report. The amount is lobbying spending for every issue on this report, not this bill alone, and none of it is paid to any member of Congress. View filing
BLUE FORCE GEAR, INC. · lobbying firm or registrant: CROSS POTOMAC CONSULTING LLC
2026 Q3 report (Jul 1, 2026 – Sep 30, 2026) · posted Oct 20, 2026 · issue area: Defense
$20,000
Paid to lobbying firm
CitesS. 4784· this member:Recorded vote on 1 roll call
…, Army, and Marine Corps personal protection equipment FY27 Department of Defense Appropriations, H.R. 9495 FY27 National Defense Authorization Act, H.R. 8800, S. 4784
Congress inferred from the report year; bill number matches Congress.gov records and the bill predates the report; no title was cited with it. The amount is lobbying spending for every issue on this report, not this bill alone, and none of it is paid to any member of Congress. View filing
WAYMO LLC · lobbying firm or registrant: WAYMO LLC
2026 Q3 report (Jul 1, 2026 – Sep 30, 2026) · posted Oct 20, 2026 · issue area: Transportation
$860,000
Spent on own lobbying
CitesS. 4429· this member:Cosponsored
…s vehicles Connected vehicle technology Global supply chains H.R. 7389 - Motor Vehicle Modernization Act of 2026 H.R. 7390 - SELF DRIVE Act of 2026 H.R. 8730 / S. 4429 - Connected Vehicle Security Act of 2026 H.R. 8870 - The BUILD America 250 Act S. 4784 - NDAA for FY2027
Congress inferred from the report year; bill number and the title cited with it match Congress.gov records, and the bill predates the report. The amount is lobbying spending for every issue on this report, not this bill alone, and none of it is paid to any member of Congress. View filing