119th Congress · introduced in the Senate · Apr 3, 2025
DETERRENT Act
Official title from Congress.gov
Latest action (Apr 3, 2025): Read twice and referred to the Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions.
View on Congress.govPolicy area: Education
Congressional Research Service summary, version: Introduced in Senate (Apr 3, 2025)
Defending Education Transparency and Ending Rogue Regimes Engaging in Nefarious Transactions Act or the DETERRENT Act
This bill expands oversight and disclosure requirements related to foreign sources and institutions of higher education (IHEs).
Specifically, the bill requires an IHE to annually disclose to the Department of Education (ED) any year in which the IHE
• receives a gift from a foreign country of concern (e.g., China or Russia) or foreign entity of concern of any dollar amount;
• receives a gift or contract from a foreign source (other than a foreign country of concern or foreign entity of concern) that is valued at $50,000 or more, considered alone or in combination with all other gifts or contracts within a calendar year (current disclosure threshold is $250,000 or more), or which has an undetermined monetary value;
• enters into a contract with a foreign country of concern or foreign entity of concern after receiving a waiver for such contract; or
• is substantially controlled by a foreign source.
Additionally, the bill
• prohibits IHEs from entering into contracts with a foreign country of concern or with a foreign entity of concern without obtaining a waiver, and
• requires certain IHEs to disclose gifts or contracts between covered individuals (e.g., researchers) and foreign sources.
The bill requires ED to investigate possible violations of this bill and outlines the various penalties for each violation. Penalties may include losing eligibility for federal student financial aid.
Show less of the summaryIncludes amendment, cloture, and procedural votes. Each is labeled with its exact question; only a passage question is a vote to pass the bill.
No recorded roll calls on this bill in coverage.
Read twice and referred to the Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions.
Introduced in Senate
Actions from Congress.gov, newest first.
LD-2 reports whose issue descriptions explicitly cite this bill (bill type and number validated against Congress.gov records). A citation does not establish the client's position or any contact with a member.
Loading lobbying reportsCoverage: reports for 2025 onward, posted Jan 1, 2025 through Oct 23, 2026.
82 citations; showing the 25 most recently posted.
REPUBLICAN JEWISH COALITION · lobbying firm or registrant: REPUBLICAN JEWISH COALITION
2026 Q3 report (Jul 1, 2026 – Sep 30, 2026) · posted Oct 22, 2026 · issue area: Education
$100,000
Spent on own lobbying
HR 1048/S. 1296 DETERRENT Act HR 4795 Protect Economic and Academic Freedom Act HR 8476 No Antisemitism in Education Act HR 9203 Student Protection and University Accountabili…
Congress inferred from the report year; bill number and the title cited with it match Congress.gov records, and the bill predates the report. The amount is lobbying spending for every issue on this report, not this bill alone, and none of it is paid to any member of Congress. View filing
JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · lobbying firm or registrant: JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY
2026 Q3 report (Jul 1, 2026 – Sep 30, 2026) · posted Oct 21, 2026 · issue area: Science/Technology
$340,000
Spent on own lobbying
S.1296, H.R. 1048, Defending Education Transparency and Ending Rogue Regimes Engaging in Nefarious Transactions Act, DETERRENT Act;
Congress inferred from the report year; bill number and the title cited with it match Congress.gov records, and the bill predates the report. The amount is lobbying spending for every issue on this report, not this bill alone, and none of it is paid to any member of Congress.
VANDERBILT UNIVERSITY · lobbying firm or registrant: VANDERBILT UNIVERSITY
2026 Q3 report (Jul 1, 2026 – Sep 30, 2026) · posted Oct 21, 2026 · issue area: Defense
$240,000
Spent on own lobbying
…thorization Act - provisions related to defense S&T basic and applied research (6.1-6.3); research security; provisions related to quantum technology H.R. 1048/S. 1296, the DETERRENT Act - provisions related to research security General issues related to research security at DOD General issues related to funding for quantum r…
Congress inferred from the report year; bill number and the title cited with it match Congress.gov records, and the bill predates the report. The amount is lobbying spending for every issue on this report, not this bill alone, and none of it is paid to any member of Congress. View filing
VANDERBILT UNIVERSITY · lobbying firm or registrant: VANDERBILT UNIVERSITY
2026 Q3 report (Jul 1, 2026 – Sep 30, 2026) · posted Oct 21, 2026 · issue area: Education
$240,000
Spent on own lobbying
…he Professional Student Degree Act - provisions related to including additional fields as professional programs for the purposes of federal loan caps H.R. 1048/S. 1296, the DETERRENT Act - provisions related to expanded Sec. 117 foreign gift and contract reporting General issues related to the FY 2027 continuing resolution, i…
Congress inferred from the report year; bill number and the title cited with it match Congress.gov records, and the bill predates the report. The amount is lobbying spending for every issue on this report, not this bill alone, and none of it is paid to any member of Congress. View filing
VANDERBILT UNIVERSITY · lobbying firm or registrant: VANDERBILT UNIVERSITY
2026 Q3 report (Jul 1, 2026 – Sep 30, 2026) · posted Oct 21, 2026 · issue area: Science/Technology
$240,000
Spent on own lobbying
…027 Financial Services-General Government Appropriations bill - provisions related to facilities and administrative research costs and the FAIR model H.R. 1048/S. 1296, the DETERRENT Act - provisions related to research security General issues related to the importance of robust and continued funding for NIH, NSF, DOD, NASA,…
Congress inferred from the report year; bill number and the title cited with it match Congress.gov records, and the bill predates the report. The amount is lobbying spending for every issue on this report, not this bill alone, and none of it is paid to any member of Congress. View filing
THE OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY · lobbying firm or registrant: THE OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY
2026 Q3 report (Jul 1, 2026 – Sep 30, 2026) · posted Oct 20, 2026 · issue area: Education
$90,115
Spent on own lobbying
…10617, the VET CARE Act of 2026; All provisions. - General issues related to federal research related to Quantum education and workforce training. - H.R.1048/ S.1296, the DETERRENT Act; All provisions.
Congress inferred from the report year; bill number and the title cited with it match Congress.gov records, and the bill predates the report. The amount is lobbying spending for every issue on this report, not this bill alone, and none of it is paid to any member of Congress. View filing
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA · lobbying firm or registrant: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA
2026 Q3 report (Jul 1, 2026 – Sep 30, 2026) · posted Oct 20, 2026 · issue area: Education
$250,000
Spent on own lobbying
…ul Bill Act (P.L. 119-21); Federal Direct Loan and Pell Grant changes; professional degree definition issues; student loan caps; financial aid issues H.R. 1048/S. 1296, The Defending Education Transparency and Ending Rogue Regimes Engaging in Nefarious Transactions Act or DETERRENT Act; research and development issues Workfor…
Congress inferred from the report year; bill number and the title cited with it match Congress.gov records, and the bill predates the report. The amount is lobbying spending for every issue on this report, not this bill alone, and none of it is paid to any member of Congress. View filing
ANTI-DEFAMATION LEAGUE · lobbying firm or registrant: ANTI-DEFAMATION LEAGUE
2026 Q3 report (Jul 1, 2026 – Sep 30, 2026) · posted Oct 20, 2026 · issue area: Education
$290,000
Spent on own lobbying
…Anti-Harassment Act of 2025. H.R. 6857, Protecting Students on Campus Act of 2025. S. 163, Protecting Students on Campus Act of 2025. H.R. 1048, DETERRENT Act. S. 1296, DETERRENT Act. H.R. 9203, Student Protection and University Accountability Act.
Congress inferred from the report year; bill number and the title cited with it match Congress.gov records, and the bill predates the report. The amount is lobbying spending for every issue on this report, not this bill alone, and none of it is paid to any member of Congress. View filing
YALE UNIVERSITY · lobbying firm or registrant: YALE UNIVERSITY
2026 Q3 report (Jul 1, 2026 – Sep 30, 2026) · posted Oct 20, 2026 · issue area: Education
$340,000
Spent on own lobbying
H.R. 1048 and S. 1296, "Defending Education Transparency and Ending Rogue Regimes Engaging in Nefarious Transactions (DETERRENT) Act," provisions related to foreign gift reporting,…
Congress inferred from the report year; bill number and the title cited with it match Congress.gov records, and the bill predates the report. The amount is lobbying spending for every issue on this report, not this bill alone, and none of it is paid to any member of Congress. View filing
AMERICAN COUNCIL ON EDUCATION · lobbying firm or registrant: AMERICAN COUNCIL ON EDUCATION
2026 Q3 report (Jul 1, 2026 – Sep 30, 2026) · posted Oct 20, 2026 · issue area: Education
$60,639
Spent on own lobbying
H.R.1048/ S.1296 Defending Education Transparency and Ending Rogue Regimes Engaging in Nefarious Transactions (DETERRENT) Act H.R. 6574 Loan Equity for Advanced Professionals A…
Congress inferred from the report year; bill number and the title cited with it match Congress.gov records, and the bill predates the report. The amount is lobbying spending for every issue on this report, not this bill alone, and none of it is paid to any member of Congress. View filing
RUTGERS THE STATE UNIVERSITY OF NEW JERSEY · lobbying firm or registrant: RUTGERS, THE STATE UNIVERSITY OF NEW JERSEY
2026 Q3 report (Jul 1, 2026 – Sep 30, 2026) · posted Oct 20, 2026 · issue area: Science/Technology
$70,000
Spent on own lobbying
…rch and development of advanced technologies to improve the efficiency of cement, concrete, and asphalt production, and for other purposes (ALL). H.R. 1048 and S. 1296: Defending Education Transparency and Ending Rogue Regimes Engaging in Nefarious Transactions (DETERRENT) Act A bill to amend the Higher Education Act of 1965…
Congress inferred from the report year; bill number and the title cited with it match Congress.gov records, and the bill predates the report. The amount is lobbying spending for every issue on this report, not this bill alone, and none of it is paid to any member of Congress. View filing
RUTGERS THE STATE UNIVERSITY OF NEW JERSEY · lobbying firm or registrant: RUTGERS, THE STATE UNIVERSITY OF NEW JERSEY
2026 Q3 report (Jul 1, 2026 – Sep 30, 2026) · posted Oct 20, 2026 · issue area: Education
$70,000
Spent on own lobbying
…Act A bill to amend the Higher Education Act of 1965 to increase the period of eligibility for Federal Pell Grants, and for other purposes (ALL). H.R. 1048 and S. 1296: Defending Education Transparency and Ending Rogue Regimes Engaging in Nefarious Transactions (DETERRENT) Act A bill to amend the Higher Education Act of 1965…
Congress inferred from the report year; bill number and the title cited with it match Congress.gov records, and the bill predates the report. The amount is lobbying spending for every issue on this report, not this bill alone, and none of it is paid to any member of Congress. View filing
ASSOCIATION OF AMERICAN UNIVERSITIES · lobbying firm or registrant: ASSOCIATION OF AMERICAN UNIVERSITIES
2026 Q3 report (Jul 1, 2026 – Sep 30, 2026) · posted Oct 20, 2026 · issue area: Science/Technology
$106,200
Spent on own lobbying
H.R. 1048 / S. 1296 - DETERRENT Act H.R. 8800- National Defense Authorization Act for FY27 (NDAA) H.R. 8901/ S. 4525- Securing Innovation and Research from Adversaries Act SAFE Re…
Congress inferred from the report year; bill number and the title cited with it match Congress.gov records, and the bill predates the report. The amount is lobbying spending for every issue on this report, not this bill alone, and none of it is paid to any member of Congress. View filing
CHRISTIANS UNITED FOR ISRAEL ACTION FUND · lobbying firm or registrant: CHRISTIANS UNITED FOR ISRAEL ACTION FUND
2026 Q3 report (Jul 1, 2026 – Sep 30, 2026) · posted Oct 20, 2026 · issue area: Education
$200,000
Spent on own lobbying
S.558/HR 1007 Antisemitism Awareness Act of 2025 S. 1296 - DETERRENT Act HR 9203 - The Student Protection & University Accountability Act HR 8476 - No Antisemitism in Education Act
Congress inferred from the report year; bill number and the title cited with it match Congress.gov records, and the bill predates the report. The amount is lobbying spending for every issue on this report, not this bill alone, and none of it is paid to any member of Congress. View filing
FDD ACTION · lobbying firm or registrant: FDD ACTION
2026 Q3 report (Jul 1, 2026 – Sep 30, 2026) · posted Oct 20, 2026 · issue area: Education
$210,000
Spent on own lobbying
…n and Research from Adversaries Act, all provisions. H.R.1049, Transparency in Reporting of Adversarial Contributions to Education (TRACE) Act, all provisions. S. 1296, Defending Education Transparency and Ending Rogue Regimes Engaging in Nefarious Transactions (DETERRENT) Act, all provisions. S. 2509, Transparency in Reporti…
Congress inferred from the report year; bill number and the title cited with it match Congress.gov records, and the bill predates the report. The amount is lobbying spending for every issue on this report, not this bill alone, and none of it is paid to any member of Congress. View filing
ASSOCIATION OF AMERICAN UNIVERSITIES · lobbying firm or registrant: ASSOCIATION OF AMERICAN UNIVERSITIES
2026 Q2 report (Apr 1, 2026 – Jun 30, 2026) · amended · posted Oct 20, 2026 · issue area: Science/Technology
$114,662
Spent on own lobbying
H.R. 1048 / S. 1296 - DETERRENT Act H.R. 8800- National Defense Authorization Act for FY27 (NDAA) H.R. 8901/ S. 4525- Securing Innovation and Research from Adversaries Act SAFE Re…
Congress inferred from the report year; bill number and the title cited with it match Congress.gov records, and the bill predates the report. The amount is lobbying spending for every issue on this report, not this bill alone, and none of it is paid to any member of Congress. View filing
ASSOCIATION OF AMERICAN UNIVERSITIES · lobbying firm or registrant: ASSOCIATION OF AMERICAN UNIVERSITIES
2026 Q1 report (Jan 1, 2026 – Mar 31, 2026) · amended · posted Oct 20, 2026 · issue area: Science/Technology
$125,337
Spent on own lobbying
H.R. 1048 / S. 1296 - DETERRENT Act National Defense Authorization Act (NDAA) for FY 2027 SAFE Research Act (NDAA Amendment) S.1071 - National Defense Authorization Act for FY 26…
Congress inferred from the report year; bill number and the title cited with it match Congress.gov records, and the bill predates the report. The amount is lobbying spending for every issue on this report, not this bill alone, and none of it is paid to any member of Congress. View filing
UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND · lobbying firm or registrant: UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND
2026 Q3 report (Jul 1, 2026 – Sep 30, 2026) · posted Oct 20, 2026 · issue area: Education
$27,000
Spent on own lobbying
H.R. 1048/S. 1296, the DETERRENT Act: -Provisions on individual reporting of gifts and contracts and provisions on contracts with entities of concern S.4039, the Professional De…
Congress inferred from the report year; bill number and the title cited with it match Congress.gov records, and the bill predates the report. The amount is lobbying spending for every issue on this report, not this bill alone, and none of it is paid to any member of Congress. View filing
JEWISH FEDERATIONS OF NORTH AMERICA · lobbying firm or registrant: THE JEWISH FEDERATIONS OF NORTH AMERICA
2026 Q3 report (Jul 1, 2026 – Sep 30, 2026) · posted Oct 19, 2026 · issue area: Education
$485,265
Spent on own lobbying
S.163/H.R.6857: Protecting Students on Campus Act S. 1296: DETERRENT Act
Congress inferred from the report year; bill number and the title cited with it match Congress.gov records, and the bill predates the report. The amount is lobbying spending for every issue on this report, not this bill alone, and none of it is paid to any member of Congress. View filing
JEWISH FEDERATIONS OF NORTH AMERICA · lobbying firm or registrant: THE JEWISH FEDERATIONS OF NORTH AMERICA
2026 Q3 report (Jul 1, 2026 – Sep 30, 2026) · posted Oct 19, 2026 · issue area: Foreign Relations
$485,265
Spent on own lobbying
H.R. 7540/S. 3855: United States-Israel FUTURES Act of 2026 S. 1296: DETERRENT Act
Congress inferred from the report year; bill number and the title cited with it match Congress.gov records, and the bill predates the report. The amount is lobbying spending for every issue on this report, not this bill alone, and none of it is paid to any member of Congress. View filing
JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · lobbying firm or registrant: CORNERSTONE GOVERNMENT AFFAIRS, INC.
2026 Q3 report (Jul 1, 2026 – Sep 30, 2026) · amended · posted Oct 19, 2026 · issue area: Science/Technology
$60,000
Paid to lobbying firm
Artificial Intelligence; Research security; S.854/H.R. 1864 - Risky Research Review Act; H.R. 1048/S.1296 - the Defending Education Transparency and Ending Rogue Regimes Engaging in Nefarious Transactions (DETERRENT) Act; H.R. 9102, the Biotech Investment National…
Congress inferred from the report year; bill number and the title cited with it match Congress.gov records, and the bill predates the report. The amount is lobbying spending for every issue on this report, not this bill alone, and none of it is paid to any member of Congress. View filing
ASSOCIATION OF AMERICAN MEDICAL COLLEGES · lobbying firm or registrant: ASSOCIATION OF AMERICAN MEDICAL COLLEGES
2026 Q3 report (Jul 1, 2026 – Sep 30, 2026) · posted Oct 19, 2026 · issue area: Education
$431,446
Spent on own lobbying
…re providers. Issue: Support tax incentives for clinical preceptors. Issue: Support Public Service Loan Forgiveness (PSLF) eligibility for physicians. H.R.1048/S.1296 - DETERRENT Act H.R.8800 - National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2027 Issue: Oppose expanding current college foreign gift reporting requirements…
Congress inferred from the report year; bill number and the title cited with it match Congress.gov records, and the bill predates the report. The amount is lobbying spending for every issue on this report, not this bill alone, and none of it is paid to any member of Congress. View filing
BOSTON UNIVERSITY · lobbying firm or registrant: BOSTON UNIVERSITY
2026 Q3 report (Jul 1, 2026 – Sep 30, 2026) · posted Oct 15, 2026 · issue area: Education
$60,000
Spent on own lobbying
One Big Beautiful Bill (Public Law 119-21) - provisions related to student aid DETERRENT Act (H.R. 1048 / S. 1296) - all provisions Protect College Sports Act (S. 4668) - all provisions
Congress inferred from the report year; bill number and the title cited with it match Congress.gov records, and the bill predates the report. The amount is lobbying spending for every issue on this report, not this bill alone, and none of it is paid to any member of Congress. View filing
STANFORD UNIVERSITY · lobbying firm or registrant: STANFORD UNIVERSITY
2026 Q3 report (Jul 1, 2026 – Sep 30, 2026) · posted Oct 14, 2026 · issue area: Education
$120,000
Spent on own lobbying
S.4668 - Protect College Sports Act of 2026 H.R. 4312 - SCORE Act H.R. 1048, S.1296 DETERRENT Act Issues pertaining to college athletics
Congress inferred from the report year; bill number and the title cited with it match Congress.gov records, and the bill predates the report. The amount is lobbying spending for every issue on this report, not this bill alone, and none of it is paid to any member of Congress. View filing
THE UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA BOARD OF TRUSTEES · lobbying firm or registrant: THE UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA BOARD OF TRUSTEES
2026 Q3 report (Jul 1, 2026 – Sep 30, 2026) · amended · posted Oct 8, 2026 · issue area: Education
$190,000
Spent on own lobbying
…ervices (HHS), and Education, and Related Agencies Appropriations Act; funding for education research programs; grant competition issues; other areas H.R. 1048/S. 1296, The Defending Education Transparency and Ending Rogue Regimes Engaging in Nefarious Transactions Act, or the (DETERRENT) Act; research and development issues…
Congress inferred from the report year; bill number and the title cited with it match Congress.gov records, and the bill predates the report. The amount is lobbying spending for every issue on this report, not this bill alone, and none of it is paid to any member of Congress. View filing